@article {10057, title = {Time, Money, or Knowledge: What factors are associated with implementing youth cooking programs?}, journal = {The Journal of Extension}, volume = {61}, year = {2023}, month = {2023/09/20/}, isbn = {1077-5315}, url = {https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/joe/vol61/iss2/8}, author = {Berg, Alison and Taylor, Nancy and Brown, Courtney and Giraudo, Silvia} } @mastersthesis {10028, title = {The Influence of Participating in Livestock Projects on 4-H Developmental Outcomes Among Pima County Senior 4-H Members As Perceived by Their Parents}, volume = {Masters}, year = {2021}, month = {2021}, school = {The University of Arizona.}, abstract = {

The purpose of this study was to describe the influence of participating in livestock projects on 4-H developmental outcomes among senior Pima county 4-H members in the last four years as perceived by the member\’s parents. The study also sought out to, compare these outcomes among the different livestock species (Beef, Goat/Sheep and Swine. An electronic questionnaire was sent out and 54 respondents were analyzed to reach the findings. Participants were asked questions about the perceived developmental outcomes their children gained from their time in a 4-H livestock project using the Thriving Model to generate questions to gauge these outcomes. The data shared that there is little difference when looking at developmental outcomes comparing species, however all species were very influential on these developmental outcomes as perceived by participants parents. It is recommended to continue supporting these projects and making them widely accessible for all youth who wish to participate in them.

}, url = {https://repository.arizona.edu/handle/10150/663211}, author = {Gilbert, Autumn} } @mastersthesis {9995, title = {4-H Youth Leaders: Acquisition of Leadership Skills Based on Perceived Influence}, volume = {M.A.}, year = {2020}, school = {University of Southern Maine}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, keywords = {4-H clubs, {\'E}tude et enseignement, Maine. Clubs 4-H, Maine. Leadership, Study and teaching, Study and teaching. 4-H clubs. Genre/Form: Academic theses. Academic Dissertation Academic theses. Th{\`e}ses et {\'e}crits acad{\'e}miques}, url = {https://digitalcommons.usm.maine.edu/etd/385/}, author = {Gray, Cathy Bartlett} } @article {10059, title = {"Making the Best Better" for Youths: Cultivating LGBTQ Inclusion in 4-H}, journal = {The Journal of Extension}, volume = {58}, year = {2020}, month = {2020/08/01/}, isbn = {1077-5315}, url = {https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/joe/vol58/iss4/3}, author = {Gonzalez, Maru and White, Alison and Vega, Liliana and Howard, Jeff and Kokozos, Michael and Soule, Katherine} } @article {10042, title = {National Survey of Extension 4-H Professionals{\textquoteright} Perceptions of Professional Development Factors}, journal = {The Journal of Extension}, volume = {57}, year = {2019}, month = {2019/02/01/}, isbn = {1077-5315}, url = {https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/joe/vol57/iss1/27}, author = {Donaldson, Joseph and Gallimore, Lori and Swanson, Doug} } @article {10045, title = {Strengthening the 4-H Essential Elements of Positive Youth Development at Camp}, journal = {The Journal of Extension}, volume = {57}, year = {2019}, month = {2019/10/01/}, isbn = {1077-5315}, url = {https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/joe/vol57/iss5/8}, author = {Wahle, Amanda and Owens, Megan and Garst, Barry} } @mastersthesis {9952, title = {Beliefs of Georgia 4-H environmental educators regarding {\textquoteright}effective{\textquoteright} teaching}, volume = {Agricultural and Environmental Education}, year = {2017}, month = {2017}, school = {University of Georgia}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, address = {Athens, GA}, abstract = {

Previous research examined the positive learning outcomes of environmental education (EE), yet few explored how outcomes were achieved through nonformal teaching methods. The purpose of this study was to describe how environmental educators educational background relates to teaching methods used, and perception of effective instruction at Georgia 4-H centers. Six interviews and four observations were conducted with 4-H environmental educators in Georgia who possessed a natural science or non-science educational background. Cross-case analysis compared interview and observation findings. Six main themes emerged from the raw data surrounding participants perception of effective environmental education. Effective instruction involved: novelty, connections, personalization of curriculum based on educator characteristics, management of the learning environment, use of extra resources, and student engagement and inclusion. Banduras triadic reciprocality model provided a basis for interpreting the findings and recommendations for research and practice.

}, keywords = {4-H, effective teaching, Environmental education, environmental educators, non-formal education, teaching methods, triadic reciprocality model}, author = {Goldsmith, Hannah Lillian} } @mastersthesis {9956, title = {Evaluating the Dissemination of the iCook 4-H Program Using Outcome, Process, and Fidelity Measures}, year = {2017}, month = {2017}, school = {University of Maine}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, address = {Orono, ME}, url = {https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/etd/2800/}, author = {Gould, Tara Anna} } @article {9935, title = {The money mentors program: Increasing financial literacy in Utah youths}, journal = {Journal of Extension}, volume = {55}, year = {2017}, month = {12/2017}, chapter = {6IAW1}, abstract = {

Utah 4-H and Fidelity Investments collaborated on a program to increase the financial literacy of teens and children.\  This team approach led to the training of 81 teens, then 530 other youth statewide.\  The program development and implementation processes may serve as models for other Extension programs.\  The curriculum is available at no charge.

}, url = {https://archives.joe.org/joe/2017december/iw1.php}, author = {Zurishaddai A. Garcia and Dave Francis and Amanda Christensen and Stacey S. MacArthur and Margie Memmott and Paul A. Hill} } @article {7521, title = {Engaging focus group methodology: The 4-H middle school-aged youth learning and leading study}, journal = {Journal of Extension}, volume = {53}, year = {2015}, abstract = {

With young people, discussing complex issues such as learning and leading in a focus group can be a challenge. To help prime youth for the discussion, we created a focus group approach that featured a fun, interactive activity. This article includes a description of the focus group activity, lessons learned, and suggestions for additional applications.

}, url = {https://archives.joe.org/joe/2015october/iw5.php}, author = {Samantha Grant and Siri Scott and Pamela Larson Nippolt} } @book {6815, title = {Promoting positive youth development: Lessons from the 4-H study}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, organization = {Springer International Publishing}, address = {Switzerland}, editor = {Edmond P. Bowers and G. John Geldhof and S. K. Johnson and Lacey J. Hilliard and Rachel M. Hershberg and Jacqueline V. Lerner} } @book {9989, title = {Promoting positive youth development: lessons from the 4-H study}, series = {Advancing Responsible Adolescent Development}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Springer International}, organization = {Springer International}, abstract = {

\"This book presents the results of a longitudinal 4-H study of youth development. The volume discusses how self-regulation and contextual resources (e.g., strong relationships with parents, peers, and the community) can be fostered in young people to contribute to optimal functioning throughout life. Each chapter examines a particular aspect of youth thriving, and offers findings on the role of positive development in a variety of outcomes. Contributors introduce a contemporary model of positive development for diverse youth, provide examples of effective youth development programs, and suggest applications for informing the next generation of policy and practice. Among the featured topics: The regulation of emotion in adolescence. School engagement, academic achievement, and positive youth development. Peer relationships and positive youth development. Identity development in adolescence and the implications for youth policy and practice. Promoting adolescent sexual health in youth programming. A positive youth development approach to bullying. Researchers in developmental psychology as well as educational policy and politics will gain from Promoting Positive Youth Development a new appreciation of young people\&$\#$39;s strengths and their centrality in creating effective youth programs and initiatives. \"This volume is destined to become the handbook for anyone interested in the bourgeoning field of positive youth development. Promoting Positive Youth Development presents a rich, theoretically grounded understanding of the landscape today\&$\#$39;s youth, families and programs. The contributors provide clear, data-driven guidance regarding the types of programs and settings that are most beneficial to young people.\" Jean E. Rhodes, Ph.D. Department of Psychology University of Massachusetts, Boston.\" -- Prov?? de l\&$\#$39;editor.

}, isbn = {978-3-319-17166-1}, url = {http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1107674176}, author = {Edmond P. Bowers and G. John Geldhof and Sara K. Johnson and Lacey J. Hilliard and Rachel M. Hershberg and Jacqueline V. Lerner and Richard M. Lerner} } @article {10074, title = {YA4-H! Youth advocates for health: Youth participatory action research.}, year = {2015}, month = {2015}, institution = {Oregon State University Public Health Extension.}, address = {Corvallis}, author = {Arnold, M. E. and Gifford, L.} } @article {7361, title = {Benchmarking professional development practices across youth serving organizations: Implications for Extension}, journal = {Journal of Extension}, volume = {52}, year = {2014}, abstract = {

4-H educators represented 27\% of the respondents, and indicated their most important need was learning to evaluate and report program effectiveness.

}, url = {https://archives.joe.org/joe/2014october/a2.php}, author = {Barry A. Garst and Sarah Baughman and Nancy Franz} } @article {10066, title = {Using relational developmental systems theory to link program goals, activities, and outcomes: The sample case of the 4-H Study of Positive Youth Development}, journal = {New Directions for Youth Development}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, pages = {17 - 30}, abstract = {

In contemporary developmental science, relational development systems models have been used to frame the positive youth development (PYD) perspective, which posits that youth will thrive when there is alignment between their strengths and ecological resources in their context. Evidence from the 4-H Study of PYD indicates that out-of-school-time youth development programs are key ecological resources enhancing youth thriving. This chapter discusses the particular facets of youth development programs (the \“Big Three\”\—positive and sustained adult\–youth relationships, skill-building activities, and youth leadership opportunities) involved in promoting youth thriving. The importance of using theory to design and implement programs is also discussed, and challenges of reaching the diversity of American youth with effective programs are noted.

}, isbn = {1533-8916}, url = {https://journals.scholarsportal.info/details/15338916/v2014i0144/17_urdstt4sopyd.xml}, author = {Lerner, Richard M. and Wang, Jun and Chase, Paul A. and Gutierrez, Akira S. and Harris, Elise M. and Rubin, Rachel O. and Yalin, Ceren} } @mastersthesis {10002, title = {Evaluation of 4-H and FFA Members Scores on the 2011-2012 Texas Quality Counts Verification Exam}, volume = {Masters}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, school = {Texas A \& M University}, abstract = {

Experimental results indicated that dolomite dissolution rates increased in all the acid solutions as the disk rotational speeds increased at 150, 200, and 250oF. The dissolution of dolomite in 0.886 M GLDA was found to be surface-reaction limited at lower temperatures and mass-transfer limited at highest temperature. GLDA with the lowest reaction rates and relative diffusion coefficient demonstrated retardation before spending with deeper penetration capability for productivity and injectivity improvement.The purpose of this study was to analyze the Texas Quality Counts Verification Exam for junior and senior aged 4-H and FFA members. The Texas Quality Counts program was developed due to a need for teaching livestock ethics and care to the youth of Texas and it strives to teach youth how to produce a safe and wholesome livestock product for the consumer.An analysis of youth scores between 2011 and 2012 was done to determine how well youth were scoring on the Texas Quality Counts Verification Exam. Out of the 91,733 attempts, 18,204 were taken by juniors and 73,572 were taken by seniors. Junior level attempts show a fairly even spread among self-identified membership in 4-H and FFA, while senior level attempts saw a much greater spread in membership, with 73\% of attempts taken by youth who identified themselves as a member in FFA. Overall, 78\% of junior level youth were able to pass the exam on their first attempt, and showed a range of mean attempts between 1.13 and 1.47 based on age. Senior level youth, on the other hand, had only 47\% pass on their first attempt and had a range of mean attempts between 2.21 and 2.54 based on age. The means of scores on the exam were calculated for juniors and seniors, with 0.85 and 0.71 respectively. To determine if there were any differences in scores between self-identified membership in 4-H, FFA, or both 4-H and FFA, a oneway ANOVA for junior and senior members was conducted. Both junior and senior age groups showed a significant difference between the three membership categories (p=0.001).

}, url = {https://oaktrust.library.tamu.edu/handle/1969.1/149419}, author = {Grube, Brittany C.} } @article {9987, title = {4-H and Forestry Afterschool Clubs: A Collaboration to Foster Stewardship Attitudes and Behaviors in Youth}, journal = {Journal of Extension}, volume = {50}, year = {2012}, abstract = {

The University of Minnesota Extension\&$\#$39;s 4-H and Forestry Afterschool program combined the 4-H structure and various forestry curricula to foster positive attitudes towards the environment and stewardship-related behaviors as these may serve as precursors to later choices that benefit the environment. Evaluation of third through fifth grade club members revealed statistically significant changes in attitudes and behavior. Recommendations for implementing this model are provided.

}, url = {https://archives.joe.org/joe/2012june/iw4.php}, author = {Angela S. Gupta and Samantha Grant and Andrea Lorek Strauss} } @mastersthesis {9300, title = {Factors associated with recruitment and retention rates of minority youth 4-H members as perceived by adult club leaders and county extension agents in Texas}, volume = {Masters}, year = {2012}, school = {Texas A\&M University}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, abstract = {

An electronic survey was distributed to 168 adult leaders and 58 county Extension agents who have participated in 4-H for at least two years from clubs in 54 counties across Texas that were comprised of at least 50\% minority youth. The study showed slight differences in the demographic makeup and project areas that are chosen among the minority youth members. Statistically significant differences were preset between the perceptions of county Extension agents and adult 4-H leaders. Agents focused more on competitive aspects of 4-H and adult club leaders on the views and feelings and relationships established among 4-H members.

}, url = {http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/148260}, author = {Nicole Gonzales} } @article {7377, title = {Text to speech: A 4-H model of accessibility and inclusion}, journal = {Journal of Extension}, volume = {50}, year = {2012}, abstract = {

4-H project manuals play an integral part in a youth\&$\#$39;s ability to achieve mastery in a specific project area. For youth who struggle with reading, written 4-H materials prove inadequate in addressing the needs of the learner. Article includes introduction, meeting the need, replication, results to date, implications and conclusion.

}, url = {https://archives.joe.org/joe/2012february/iw4.php}, author = {Jeremy W. Green} } @mastersthesis {9858, title = {What brings people to leadership roles: A phenoenological study of beef industry leaders}, volume = {Ph.D.}, year = {2011}, school = {University of Nebraska, Lincoln}, type = {Doctoral diss.}, abstract = {

Twelve beef industry leaders active at the local, state and national level of beef industry membership organizations were interviewed and described their experience as leaders. This study offers significance to the field of leadership which may guide the future development and role of leaders.

}, author = {B. Lynn Gordon} } @article {6882, title = {4-H contests contribute to life-skill development}, year = {2010}, abstract = {

A total of 387 individual surveys were collected at 8 state contests. Data were analyzed by contest, by age level of participants, and with all contests together as one experimental group. The Fashion Revue contest had the greatest influence on positive youth development of all the contests evaluated in the study.

}, url = {https://extension.colostate.edu/docs/comm/impact/4h-contests.pdf}, author = {Jeff Goodwin} } @article {7242, title = {Can blogging benefit staff and youth in 4-H camp programs?}, journal = {Journal of Extension}, volume = {48}, year = {2010}, abstract = {

This article examined the usage of edublogging in three different 4-H camp programs to create relationships, promote trust, create new conversations, and filter and disseminate knowledge amongst adult and teen camp staff, and middle school aged campers.

}, url = {https://archives.joe.org/joe/2010august/iw6.php}, author = {Carolyn Ashton and Robin Galloway and Virginia D. Bourdeau} } @article {7365, title = {Does 4-H camp influence life skill and leadership development?}, journal = {Journal of Extension}, volume = {45}, year = {2010}, url = {https://archives.joe.org/joe/2007august/a4.php}, author = {Martha S. Garton and Margaret Miltenberger and Brenda Pruett} } @mastersthesis {9833, title = {Examining the interrelationship of motivation and place attachment in a residential 4-H camping environment}, volume = {Ph.D.}, year = {2010}, school = {Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University}, type = {Doctoral diss.}, abstract = {

The purpose of this study was to better understand the role of place attachment and need to belong in facilitating 4-H Camp Graham campers and counselors interested in returning to residential 4-H summer camp year after year. Findings suggest that staff training and program planning are critical to camper and counselor connection to camp. This research provides tangible evidence pointing to the value of sharing the residential camping experience with potential donors and parents.

}, author = {Jenna McEwen Genson} } @article {7363, title = {Examining youth camping outcomes across multiple states: The National 4-H camping research consortium}, journal = {Journal of Youth Development}, volume = {6}, year = {2010}, abstract = {

Report of the National 4-H Camping Research Consortium, logic models, and standardized instruments.

}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.5195/jyd.2011.194}, author = {Barry Garst and Allison Nichols and Jill Martz and Niki Nestor McNeely and Laura Bovitz and Denise Frebertshauser and Martha Garton and Suzanne Le Menestrel and Jill Walahoski} } @article {7368, title = {Factors affecting teen involvement in Pennsylvania 4-H programming}, journal = {Journal of Extension}, volume = {48}, year = {2010}, abstract = {

This descriptive and correlational study identified factors that affect teen involvement in 4-H programming. Using a purposive sampling procedure, a survey questionaaire was distributed to all (N=214) 4-H members attending a 4-H State Leadership Conference. Aligned with previous studies, parents were found to have a great influence on their children\&$\#$39;s choices within 4-H. The study also showed that 4-H members are given the opportunity to lead meetings and organize events.

}, url = {https://archives.joe.org/joe/2010april/a7.php}, author = {Bart Gill and John C. Ewing and Jacklyn A. Bruce} } @mastersthesis {9834, title = {Increasing Latino engagement in sustainability and philanthropic efforts of mainstream youth development organizations in the U.S.}, volume = {M.S.}, year = {2010}, school = {DePaul University}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, abstract = {

Members were interviewed and existing data reviewed from 4-H, Boy Scouts, Girl Scouts, and the YMCA. The study looked at the current engagement of Latinos in these four youth development organizations and the state of Latino nonprofit and philanthropic participation in the United States.

}, url = {http://via.library.depaul.edu/etd/30/}, author = {Lynda Gonzales} } @booklet {7175, title = {Modeling healthy lifestyle through peer-based 4-H fitness and nutrition clubs}, howpublished = {Journal of the American Dietetic Association}, volume = {110}, year = {2010}, note = {

idenitifed as poster

}, month = {September 2010}, pages = {A-107}, abstract = {

State school fitness tests, obesity rates, and lack of play and recreation spaces were examined. Elementary and middle school students from urban scities scored below the state average. None of the fourth graders from one school passed the four standard fitness measures. An evaluation of a 8-week program indicated that programs might improve performance on standard fitness tests, nutrition knowledge, and daily exercise.

}, doi = {10.1016/j.jada.2010.06.403}, author = {U. R. Taylor and A. L. Gomez and S. S. Gray and M. Grillo and L. R. Horn and L. Christie-Francis and W. A. Hamilton} } @article {7376, title = {4-H program quality assessment: Can volunteers improve quality?}, journal = {International Journal of Volunteer Administration}, volume = {XXVI}, year = {2009}, pages = {32-41}, abstract = {Expectations for volunteers in youth development organizations have grown to include an emphasis on accountability. In recent years, the field of youth development has begun to investigate out-of-school time settings by measuring the quality of learning environments at the point of service--the places where youth and adults interact. The current sutdy investigated 4-H volunteers{\textquoteright} experiences in building quality youth development settings. Ten 4-H clubs were randomly divided into either an experimental or control group. Clubs in the experimental group received three hours of training on topics related to quality. Results demonstrated that experimental clubs saw improvements in measures of supportive environments. In addition, interview data revealed three themes important for implementing quality initiatives in volunteer settings: emphasis on engagement, special considerations in working with volunteers, and importance of a system-wide approach. Implications and furture directions are discussed.}, author = {Samantha Grant and Eric Vogel} } @article {10075, title = {Essential Elements of the 4-H Experience: Belonging}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, institution = {Arizona State University; Arizona Cooperative Extension}, abstract = {

Extension publication

}, url = {https://extension.arizona.edu/sites/extension.arizona.edu/files/pubs/az1495b.pdf}, author = {Tessman, Darcy and Gressley, Kimberly and Parrott, Amy and Hall, Lani} } @article {10079, title = {Essential Elements of the 4-H Experience: Generosity}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, institution = {Arizona State University; Arizona Cooperative Extension}, abstract = {

Extension publication

}, url = {https://extension.arizona.edu/sites/extension.arizona.edu/files/pubs/az1495d.pdf}, author = {Hall, Lani and Tessman, Darcy and Gressley, Kimberly and Parrott, Amy} } @article {10078, title = {Essential Elements of the 4-H Experience: Independence}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, institution = {Arizona State University; Arizona Cooperative Extension}, abstract = {

Extension publication

}, url = {https://extension.arizona.edu/sites/extension.arizona.edu/files/pubs/az1495c.pdf}, author = {Tessman, Darcy and Hall, Lani and Gressley, Kimberly and Parrott, Amy} } @article {10077, title = {Essential Elements of the 4-H Experience: Mastery}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, institution = {Arizona State University; Arizona Cooperative Extension}, abstract = {

Extension publication

}, url = {https://extension.arizona.edu/sites/extension.arizona.edu/files/pubs/az1495a.pdf}, author = {Parrott, Amy and Gressley, Kimberly and Tessman, Darcy and Hall, Lani} } @article {10076, title = {Essential Elements of the 4-H Experience: Overview}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, institution = {Arizona State University; Arizona Cooperative Extension}, abstract = {

Extension publication

}, url = {https://extension.arizona.edu/sites/extension.arizona.edu/files/pubs/az1495.pdf}, author = {Gressley, Kimberly and Tessman, Darcy and Hall, Lani and Parrott, Amy} } @article {7380, title = {A descriptive view of the 4-H club experience through the lens of 4-H youth}, journal = {Journal of Youth Development}, volume = {3}, year = {2008}, note = {

online

}, month = {Winter 2008}, doi = {10.5195/jyd.2008.285}, author = {Lisa A. Guion and Blanca E. Rivera} } @article {7251, title = {Examining 4-H robotics and geospatial technologies in the learning of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics topics}, journal = {Journal of Extension}, volume = {46}, year = {2008}, note = {

Ideas at Work 3IAW7

}, abstract = {

The study investigated the use of educational robotics, paired with GPS and GIS geospatial technologies, as a context for learning selected concepts in science, technology, engineering, and mathmatics within a 4-H camp setting. The study involved 38 students between the ages of 11 to 15. A pretest-posttest quasi-experiential design was used in the study, with a 29-question multiple choice instrument targeting various academic topics. The results of the study suggest that the 4-H robotics and geospatial summer camp program is a promising approach for supporting STEM-related learning, as represented by a significant increase of means from pretest to posttest.

}, url = {https://archives.joe.org/joe/2008june/rb7.php}, author = {Bradley S. Barker and Gwen Nugent and Neal Grandgenett} } @article {6834, title = {Examining 4-H Robotics in the Learning of Science, Engineering and Technology Topics and the Related Student Attitudes}, journal = {Journal of Youth Development}, volume = {2}, year = {2008}, note = {

also published as\ NAE4-HA Conference Research Paper

}, abstract = {

The purpose of the study was to measure the effectiveness of the 4-H robotics program. Pre- and posttest scores on an assessment of basic SET concepts between youth, ages 7-11 in the 4-H robotics intervention and similar youth in a control group. The results revealed that youth in the robotics intervention showed a significant increase in mean scores on the posttest, while the control group had no significant pre-post change in scores. The results indicate that educational robotics engage youth in activities that support their learning of SET topics.

}, doi = {10.5195/jyd.2008.329}, author = {Bradley S. Barker and Gwen Nugent and Neal Grandgenett and Amy Hampton} } @article {7326, title = {Promoting supportive relationships in youth programs: A self-determination theory perspective}, journal = {Journal of Youth Development}, volume = {3}, year = {2008}, month = {Winter 2008}, doi = {10.5195/jyd.2008.287}, author = {Mat D. Duerden and Ann Gillard} } @inbook {6794, title = {2006 Colorado County 4-H \& Youth Ag Literacy/Safety Program Evaluations}, booktitle = {2007 Texas 4-H Research Review}, year = {2007}, abstract = {A post questionnaire was used to evaluate knowledge gained by students at the Farm Safety/Health Day when students were introduced to a variety of farm safety and health issues such as gun, ATV, and poison safety. A total of 329 evaluations were sent out with 99 (30\%) returned. The greatest increase of knowledge was in regard to pesticide safety. Anecdotal data also provided.}, author = {S. Garrett and D. Rankin} } @inbook {6795, title = {2006 Refugio County youth leadership program evaluation}, booktitle = {2007 Texas 4-H Research Review}, year = {2007}, pages = {53-57}, abstract = {In order to evaluate the results of the program, a retrospective post and a customer satisfaction survey were administrated. An increase in the four areas measured were:
implementing effective measures to ensure each child has an opportunity to best learn the material based on their individual learning styles, understanding how your style affects your teaching ability and how to overcome the differences, use teamwork in daily programming, recognize the signs of youth being left behind during group activities.
Eight-eight percent said they planned to make changes in their teaching and implementation of the curriculum.}, author = {J. D. Gray} } @article {7373, title = {Accentuating the positive: Colorado 4-H impact study}, journal = {Journal of Extension}, volume = {45}, year = {2007}, abstract = {

Study measured the impact that the 4-H youth development experience had on young people. Data were collected from fifth, seventh and 9th grade students in Colorado. Results show that 4-H youth deveoopment members had higher grades, were more likely to help others, had better relationships with adults, were glad to be who they are, and had a significantly more positive outlook on life and the world around them than non-youth development members.

}, url = {https://archives.joe.org/joe/2007october/rb8.php}, author = {Jeff Goodwin and Jan B. Carroll and Melissa Oliver} } @article {7432, title = {Addressing the needs of children of offenders: The 4-H LIFE model}, journal = {Journal of Youth Development}, volume = {2}, year = {2007}, abstract = {

4-H LIFE represents a promising approach to addressing the needs of children of offenders and their caregivers. The 4-H Living Interactive Family Education (LIFE) Program was established in 1999 at the Potosi Correctional Center, a maximum security prison. 4-H LIFE is an enhanced or therapeutic visitation program with 3 key components: parent engagement, parent education and 4-H activities for chldren of offenders, led by the incarcerated parents. Since inception, 141 youth (5-18) have participated. Evaluations suggest that parent-child outcomes improved. In 2005, 4-H LIFE received the Annie E. Casey Foundation Family Strengthening Award.

}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.5195/jyd.2007.353}, author = {Lynna J. Lawson and Robert C. Wilkerson and Tammy Gillespie and Elizabeth G. Dunn and J. Gordon Arbuckle and L. Jo Turner} } @booklet {6972, title = {Development of a comprehensive new 4-H Extension agents training program using a multi-module approach and the 4-H Professional, Research, Knowledge and Competencies (4HPRK) taxonomy}, year = {2007}, author = {Barry A. Garst and J. Hunnings and K. Jamison and others} } @article {7367, title = {Intentional self-regulation and positive youth development in early adolescence: Findings from the 4-H Study of Positive Youth Development}, journal = {Developmental Psychology}, volume = {43}, year = {2007}, month = {March 2007}, pages = {508-521}, abstract = {Using the data from a longitudinal sample of 5th and 6th graders from the 4-H Study of Positive Youth Development, the authors discuss the idea that self-regulation is a global process in early adolescence that contributes to positive youth development.}, doi = {10.1037/0012-1649.43.2.508}, author = {Steinunn Gestsdottir and Richard M. Lerner} } @inbook {6781, title = {Report on the 34th annual Texas Cooperative Extension Horsemanship Program 2006}, booktitle = {2007 Texas 4-H Research Review}, year = {2007}, pages = {15-27}, abstract = {The Texas Cooperative Extension Summer Horsemanship School Program was started in 1973 and this summer marked the 34th consecutive year that the program has served 4-Hers, parents and leaders at the county level. A total of 717 youth and adults participated in the schols taught by six horse program assistants. Surveys ranked the schools from good to excellent for improving knowledge and skills of participants.}, author = {T. J Antilley and P. G. Gibbs} } @book {6822, title = {Science, engineering, and technology (SET) programming in the context of 4-H youth development}, year = {2007}, publisher = {Ohio State University}, organization = {Ohio State University}, address = {Columbus, OH}, abstract = {The 4-H SET Leadership Team commissioned this paper to identify standards in SET with which 4-H could align, and to identify life skill outcome that would likely result from 4-H youth development programs. The authors see technology and engineering in context related to science, as some of the applications of scientific knowledge in the real world. A youth development approach to scientific learning allows the incorporation of cognitive theory into science education.}, author = {Robert Louis Horton and J. Gogolski and C. Warkentien} } @article {7269, title = {Attitudes of Extension professionals toward involvement of special needs youth in 4-H programs}, journal = {Journal of Extension}, volume = {44}, year = {2006}, url = {https://archives.joe.org/joe/2006december/a4.php}, author = {Deborah A. Boone and Harry N. Boone, Jr. and Christina Reed and Jean M. Woloshuk and Stacy A. Gartin} } @article {7362, title = {Exploring the adolescent life skill outcomes of State 4-H Congress participation and the different outcomes of gender and race groups}, journal = {Journal of Extension}, volume = {44}, year = {2006}, url = {https://archives.joe.org/joe/2006december/rb2.php}, author = {Barry A. Garst and Joseph R. Hunnings and Kathleen Jamison and Jewel Hairston and Robert R. Meadows and Wendy R. Herdman} } @article {7433, title = {Gold rush: Exploring an alternative 4-H livestock experience}, journal = {Journal of Extension}, volume = {44}, year = {2006}, url = {https://archives.joe.org/joe/2006june/iw3.php}, author = {Andrew M. Lazur and Deborah B. Pouder and Monica L. Brinkley and Elaine Shook and Yolanda Goode and Heather Kent} } @mastersthesis {9738, title = {Implementation of a syndicate program for 4-H/FFA members to use to sell livestock projects in Santa Ba rbara and San Luis Obispo counties}, volume = {B.S.}, year = {2006}, school = {California Polytechnic State University}, type = {Honors thesis}, author = {Nicole Hannah Guriel} } @article {7369, title = {Keeping teens involved through state 4-H exchanges}, journal = {Journal of Extension}, volume = {44}, year = {2006}, url = {https://archives.joe.org/joe/2006august/tt3.php}, author = {Donna R. Gillespie} } @article {7379, title = {Statistical testing of a measure of youth{\textquoteright}s perceived improvement in life skills}, journal = {Journal of Youth Development}, volume = {1}, year = {2006}, note = {

Article No. 0602RS002, online

}, month = {September 2006}, doi = {10.5195/jyd.2006.389}, author = {Lisa A. Guion and Blanca E. Rivera} } @article {7355, title = {Student focus groups reveal impacts of 4-H program}, journal = {Journal of Extension}, volume = {44}, year = {2006}, url = {https://archives.joe.org/joe/2006august/tt2.php}, author = {Robin Galloway and Kenneth Peterson and Michael Dalton} } @article {7359, title = {Adolescent leadership skill development through residential 4-H camp counseling}, journal = {Journal of Extension}, volume = {43}, year = {2005}, url = {https://archives.joe.org/joe/2005october/rb5.php}, author = {Barry A. Garst and Jeremy Johnson} } @inbook {6784, title = {Does study abroad make a difference: An impact assessment of the International 4-H Youth Exchange program}, booktitle = {Texas 4-H Research Review}, year = {2005}, pages = {45-51}, author = {B. Boyd and C. Giebler and others} } @article {7372, title = {Idaho 4-H Impact Study}, journal = {Journal of Extension}, volume = {43}, year = {2005}, url = {https://archives.joe.org/joe/2005august/a4.php}, author = {Jeff Goodwin and Cyndi Barnett and Michele Pike and Joey Peutz and Rhea Lanting and April Ward} } @proceedings {6866, title = {Influence of 4-H program on former 4-H members{\textquoteright} career and life experiences}, year = {2005}, author = {Rama B. Radhakrishna}, editor = {Edmond P. Bowers and G. John Geldhof and Sara K. Johnson and Lacey J. Hilliard and Rachel M. Hershberg and Jacqueline V. Lerner and Richard M. Lerner} } @booklet {6978, title = {Public school students out of school time study: Measuring the impact of Colorado{\textquoteright}s 4-H youth development program}, year = {2005}, author = {J. Goodwin and J. Carroll and M. Oliver} } @mastersthesis {9708, title = {Reflecting on the practice stories of educators working in the arts: Lessons for community youth development}, volume = {Ph.D.}, year = {2005}, school = {Cornell University}, type = {Doctoral diss.}, author = {Helene Gregoire} } @proceedings {6861, title = {Trends in camping research: Implications for 4-H camp programming}, year = {2005}, note = {abstract}, pages = {63}, author = {Niki Nestor McNeely and Barry A. Garst and Jill T. Martz and Janet Nagele} } @booklet {6980, title = {4-H animal science program evaluation: What is the value of the Wisconsin 4-H animal science projects?}, year = {2004}, author = {A. Grenawalt and T. Halbach and M. Miller and others} } @article {7378, title = {Gathering wisdom from 4-H youth development clubs}, journal = {Journal of Extension}, volume = {42}, year = {2004}, url = {https://archives.joe.org/joe/2004june/a5.php}, author = {Helene Gregoire} } @article {7243, title = {Getting down to business: Defining competencies for entry-level youth workers}, journal = {New Directions for Youth Development}, year = {2004}, month = {Winter 2004}, pages = {25-37}, author = {Kirk Astroth and P. Garza and B. Taylor} } @article {7381, title = {Youth perspectives on food safety}, journal = {Journal of Extension}, volume = {42}, year = {2004}, url = {https://archives.joe.org/joe/2004february/rb5.php}, author = {Lisa A. Guion and Amy H. Simonne and Janice Easton} } @article {7364, title = {Identifying 4-H camping outcomes using a standardized evaluation process across multiple 4-H educational centers}, journal = {Journal of Extension}, volume = {41}, year = {2003}, url = {https://archives.joe.org/joe/2003june/rb2.php}, author = {Barry A. Garst and F. A. Bruce} } @article {7356, title = {The human challenge of 4-H horse programs}, journal = {Journal of Extension}, volume = {40}, year = {2002}, url = {https://archives.joe.org/joe/2002october/tt6.php}, author = {Robin Galloway and Thomas J. Gallagher} } @booklet {7093, title = {Developing positive youth: Prepared \& engaged youth serving American communities: National 4-H impact assessment project}, year = {2001}, author = {W. L. Peterson and Gary Wayne Gerhard and K. Hunter and L. Marek and C. Phillips and A. Titcomb} } @article {7274, title = {Does study abroad make a difference? An impact assessment of the International 4-H youth exchange program}, journal = {Journal of Extension}, volume = {39}, year = {2001}, url = {https://archives.joe.org/joe/2001october/rb8.php}, author = {Barry G. Boyd and Chistie Giebler and Matthew Hince and Yaru Liu and Neha Mehta and Ryan Rash and Jennifer Rowald and Carlos Saldana and Yvonne Yanta} } @article {7360, title = {The impact of the outdoor adventure experience on adolescent self-perception}, journal = {Journal of Experiential Education}, volume = {24}, year = {2001}, pages = {41-49}, author = {Barry A. Garst and I. Schneider and Baker, D.} } @article {7249, title = {The influence of learning communities and 4-H/FFA participation on College of Agriculture students{\textquoteright} academic performance and retention}, journal = {Journal of Agricultural Education}, volume = {42}, year = {2001}, pages = {54-62}, author = {Anna Ball and Bryan Garton and James E. Dyer} } @article {7590, title = {Marketing strategies for recruiting 4-H members in West Virginia}, journal = {Journal of Agricultural Education}, volume = {41}, year = {2000}, month = {2000}, pages = {88-94}, abstract = {

The purpose of this study was to learn which 4-H marketing methods and messages influenced West Viriginia youth to join the program. 4-H youth between the ages of 13 to 18 were surveyed to determine the most effective methods. Electronic media and word-of-mouth were considered the most effective methods for recruiting. Active messages, particularly those stressing camps, fun, friendships were considered the most effective marketing messages for retaining youth in the 4-H program. A statewide plan needs to be developed using those methods and messages was the conclusion.

}, doi = {10.5032/jae.2000.01088}, author = {Gary J. Wingenbach and Cheryl Nestor and Layle D. Lawrence and Stacey A. Gartin and Jean Marie Woloshuk and Patricia Mulkeen} } @article {7591, title = {Associated factors in recruitment and retention of 4-H members in West Virginia}, journal = {Journal of Agricultural Education}, volume = {40}, year = {1999}, pages = {23-29}, abstract = {The study was designed to determine effective recruitment and retention techniques for increasing enrollment in the West Virginia 4-H program. Data were collected by questionnaires to 165 county 4-H club leaders and 55 Extension Agents. A total of 115 (52\%) of usable questionnaires were returned. The highest rated recruitment techniques were: having exciting active clubs to entice others to join; word of mouth--friends telling friends about 4-H; allow 4-H members to participate and take active roles in the club; and make members feel welcome. The highest rated retntion techniques were: an effective county agent, staff and 4-H leader; must be pro 4-H, fun camping programs, and providing praise, motivation and encouragement; let older members know how important they are to the success of the club and provide efficient and fun meetings, programs and activities.}, author = {Gary J. Wingenbach and T. Meighan and Layle D. Lawrence and S. Gartin and Jean Marie Woloshuk} } @proceedings {6874, title = {Hispanic adult volunteerism-Myth or Substance?}, year = {1999}, note = {abstract}, pages = {48}, author = {Dave Snell and C. Sousa and P. Gregory and J. Camarillo} } @booklet {7049, title = {Understanding the difference 4-H clubs make in the lives of New York youth: How 4-H contributes to positive youth development (final report)}, year = {1999}, author = {J. P. Mead and E. Rodriguez and T. A. Hirschel and S. E. Goggin} } @mastersthesis {9520, title = {Choice of faculty or administrative professional career tracks by Ohio State University Extension agents}, volume = {Ph.D.}, year = {1998}, note = {

Abstract by Ginger Larson

}, school = {Ohio State University}, type = {Doctoral diss.}, abstract = {

This descriptive-correlation study sought to describe Ohio State University Extension Agents who are more likely to choose the faculty or administrative and professional tract, to examine their attitudes toward the institution, balancing work and family and the influences of research criteria differences and then to develop a model to predict if agents will choose the faculty of the A \& P track. Age, gender, racial/ethnic background, title, appointment, marital status, highest level of education, number of household occupants and the employment status of the household occupants were demographic variables taken into consideration. Agents in general were more likely to choose the A \& P tract which younger agents and male agents would more than likely choose the faculty track. Those who chose the faculty track indicated positive attitudes toward research and nonformal teaching. Full-time 4-H/youth development and FCS agents were more likely to choose the A \& P track and those who chose A \& P tracks were not as influenced by salary.

}, author = {Rosemary R. Gliem} } @article {7382, title = {Dairy cattle judging teaches critical life skills}, journal = {Journal of Dairy Science}, volume = {80}, year = {1997}, pages = {1884-1887}, author = {Larry D. Gutrie and J. Lee Majeskie} } @article {7528, title = {Using the Delphi technique to assess educational needs related to Extension{\textquoteright}s 4-H beef program}, journal = {Journal of Agricultural Education}, volume = {38}, year = {1997}, pages = {14-20}, author = {Ching-Chung Shih and Julia Andrew Gamon} } @mastersthesis {9470, title = {An evaluation of perceptions of total quality management (TQM) livestock practices of Iowa 4-H{\textquoteright}ers who received new instructional materials}, volume = {Ph.D.}, year = {1996}, note = {

Abstract by Ginger Larson

}, school = {Iowa State University}, type = {Doctoral diss.}, abstract = {

This study sought to evaluate 4-H youth\&$\#$39;s awareness of quality livestock management and the production of safe food before and after they were exposed to the new Total Quality Management (TQM) for Youth Producers. The sample was made up of 800 4-H\&$\#$39;ers randomly chosen from a list of 4-H\&$\#$39;ers with livestock projects provided by Iowa\&$\#$39;s State 4-H office. The questionnaire had an initial overall Cronbach alpha reliability score of .78. 4-H\&$\#$39;ers were asked their perception of 20 quality management practices using a 5-Point Likert-type scale. There was a 49\% return on the mailings for the pretest and a 58\% return for the posttest. The posttest was mailed a year later to respondents of the pretest. The results show that 4-H\&$\#$39;ers regard themselves as good providers of space and protection for livestock. Awards, regular record keeping and judging animals were rated lower. Years of enrollment in 4-H and gender affected the ratings. The study concluded that the 4-H program was already making a positive influence on TQM awareness but that record keeping needed to be addressed in the 4-H curriculum. Although a paired t-test between pre-test and post-test showed a slight increase in TQM ratings the role of teaching materials could not yet be established which should be further investigated. Maturation of 4-H\&$\#$39;ers over the years is an extraneous variable that should also be considered.

}, author = {Mukiri Wa Githendu} } @mastersthesis {9469, title = {Public service announcement for San Luis Obispo 4-H Science and Technology}, volume = {B.S.}, year = {1996}, school = {California Polytechnic State University}, type = {Honors thesis}, author = {Kristiaan N. Gilbert} } @mastersthesis {9434, title = {Use of the experiential learning model with adolescent county 4-H council members}, volume = {M.A.}, year = {1994}, school = {University of Northern Iowa}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {Vanette M. Grover} } @mastersthesis {9408, title = {An analysis of factors influencing Hispanic youth involvement in the Fort Bend County 4-H program}, volume = {M.S.}, year = {1993}, school = {Prairie View A\&M University}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {Lizabeth Hernandez Gresham} } @article {7357, title = {Family diversity in a youth organization: Involvement of single-parent families and stepfamilies in 4-H}, journal = {Family Relations}, volume = {42}, year = {1993}, month = {July 1993}, pages = {286-292}, abstract = {Purpose of study was to evaluate the involvement of childen from single-parent and stepparent households in 4-H clubs. A case study approach was taken, with data collected via interviews and mailed questionnaires. Children from single-parent households were found to be underrepresented, as were stepchildren to a lesser extent. Suggestions for 4-H and similar youth programs are offered.}, author = {Lawrence H. Ganong} } @booklet {6970, title = {Use of total management practices in 4-H and FFA livestock projects}, howpublished = {Mention in Summaries of Research in Agricultural Education}, year = {1993}, author = {Julia Garmon} } @mastersthesis {9355, title = {Analysis of selected northwest Wisconsin 4-H alumni responses regarding 4-H dairy quiz bowl participation}, volume = {M.S.}, year = {1991}, school = {University of Wisconsin, River Falls}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, abstract = {

The primary purpose of the study was to assess selected personal characteristics and perceptions of 4-H alumni who participated in 4-H dairy quiz bowl contests. Data were collected by mailed questionnaire from 112 4-H alumni in Wisconsin. The results are as follows: The majority of 4-H alumni quiz bowl participants were female and maintained 4-H membership for 9 or 10 years. Most have a farm or ranch as their current home. Though few of the variables in the study were significant, it was recommended that extension administration recognize the benefits of traditional 4-H community club activities and implement policies encouraging their expanded use.

}, author = {Francis G. Ginther} } @mastersthesis {9356, title = {Needs assessment of 4-H Cloverbud leaders -- 1991}, volume = {M.S.}, year = {1991}, school = {University of Wisconsin, Stout}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {Lisa K. Gross} } @article {7887, title = {Barriers to youth-at-risk programming}, year = {1990}, pages = {7 pp.}, author = {Gary Wayne Gerhard and Roger Alan Rennekamp} } @mastersthesis {9332, title = {Computer applications and computer technology transfer by Mississippi Extension personnel: An evaluation of involvement, competencies and training}, volume = {Ed.D.}, year = {1990}, note = {

Modified NAL abstract

}, school = {Mississippi State University}, type = {Doctoral diss.}, abstract = {

The study was used to determine the involvement of Mississippi Cooperative Extension personnel in computer applications and computer technology transfer and to determine the training needs and responsibility perceptions of MCES personnel. This descriptive study used a mailed questionnaire to gather data. Administrators, agricultural agents, home economists, 4-H agents, secretaries and specialist were surveyed. The population size was 476. With stratified sampling 343 questionnaires were mailed and an 86\% response rate resulted. Most MCES personnel indicated they used a computer 6 hours each week--one of the hours spent in software experimentation. An average of 13 interactions per month with other personnel and or clientele on computer interactions. Most respondents (93\%) had access to at least one MS-DOS (IBM compatible) computer. The most frequently listed audience for technology transfer efforts was \"farmers\". Other audiences listed were: youth and volunteers, business and industry, homemakers, change agents, government officials, the unemployed and schools. Most respondents indicated that they looked to administration for support in keeping current with computer technology.

}, author = {Donald Zinn Goode Jr.} } @booklet {6969, title = {Perceived influences on youth in swine projects}, year = {1990}, abstract = {This was a study of influences on participation in swine projects, improvement of skills in swine production, needs for information on swine, and life skills improvement. A mailed questionnaire assessing perceptions of influences was sent to two hundred randomly selected Iowa 4-H{\textquoteright}ers with swine projects; return rate was 56\%. A family farm operation and the opportunity to make money wre very strong influences on participation. Perceived improvemens in swine productions were in selling pigs and visual assessment of quality and weight. The highest needs for more information were: producing animals with certain carcass or grain characteristics, and using approved drugs to promote faster growing animals. Respondents perceived that their participation in swine projects helped them improve the following life skills: feeling better about themselves, making better decisions, increasing communication skills, developing leadership skills and coping with changes.}, author = {Julia Andrew Gamon} } @mastersthesis {9299, title = {Development of a curriculum model for planning life skills for 4-H young people}, volume = {Ed.D.}, year = {1989}, school = {Boston University}, type = {Doctoral diss.}, abstract = {

This study covers the development of a model for curriculum planning for youth development programs in non-formal educating programs. The development was identified with life skills (understanding self, communicating and relating with others, problem solving and decision-making, using information, managing, and working with others). It identified guidelines for developing the model. As a base for planning youth development programs it includes: mission and philosophy; life skills as outcomes; developmental levels; characteristics, needs, and tasks for youth; and description of an enabling structure. A review by 4-H professional staff indicated it to be appropriate for 4-H.

}, author = {Virginia Claire Gobeli} } @booklet {6979, title = {Extracurricular activities of youth in Lancaster County}, year = {1989}, author = {Patricia A. Gordon} } @mastersthesis {9274, title = {A comparison of leadership attributes of senior high 4-H club members and non-4-H club members}, volume = {M.S.}, year = {1988}, school = {Louisiana State University}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {Kenneth Joseph Guidry} } @mastersthesis {9270, title = {Factors affecting 4-H professionals making significant changes in their volunteer programs}, volume = {Ed.D.}, year = {1988}, school = {University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign}, type = {Doctoral diss.}, address = {Urbana-Champaign, IL}, abstract = {

This research explores \"the relationships between change in the 4-H professional\&$\#$39;s perceived functionality of the volunteers\&$\#$39; role behavior, perceived change in the volunteers\&$\#$39; job satisfaction, related learning activities, and other variables identified as potentially facilitating or limiting 4-H professionals making significant changes in their volunteer programs.\" A randomly selected sample of 624 4-H professionals were surveyed by questionnaire of which 73.7\% responded. Six conclusions are listed along with implications of the study.

}, author = {Gerald Gilbert Gast} } @mastersthesis {9271, title = {Factors associated with mastery of the 4-H professional research and knowledge base by extension agents, 4-H in Ohio}, volume = {Ph.D.}, year = {1988}, note = {

Modified NAL and PRK abstracts

}, school = {Ohio State University}, type = {Doctoral diss.}, abstract = {

The purpose of this study was to explore within the population of Extension Agents, 4-H, the effects of fourteen critical events in their academic, professional and personal lives related to knowledge acquisition, and to determine the best predictors of overall mastery from those events. All 66 Extension Agents, 4-H of the Ohio Cooperative Extension Service submitted 4H PRK Mastery Tests and background information sheets. Reviews of transcripts and employment records were completed to obtain historical data. Performance was similar on all sub-tests except volunteerism, where the agents displayed significantly greater proficiency. Analysis identified cumulative post-secondary grade point average as the only significant variable loading on 4H PRK.

}, author = {Gary Wayne Gerhard} } @article {7928, title = {Findings relative to 4-H: The Gallup Study of Public Awareness and Image of Voluntary Youth agencies}, year = {1988}, note = {

Part of study of youth organizations, similar to 1974 study

}, pages = {approx. 20 pp.}, author = {USDA and Gallup Organization} } @mastersthesis {9273, title = {Host families{\textquoteright} perceptions of the Tennessee 4-H/LABO exchange program}, volume = {M.S.}, year = {1988}, school = {University of Tennessee}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {Teresa Ann Goddard} } @mastersthesis {9272, title = {New 4-H leader training need as perceived by 4-H leaders and agents}, volume = {M.S.}, year = {1988}, school = {Penn State University}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {Byron H. Ginther} } @mastersthesis {9244, title = {The effect of a 4-H school enrichment program with third and sixth grade pupils}, volume = {M.Ed.}, year = {1987}, note = {

Master of Education degree

}, school = {Penn State University}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {Mark William Goodson} } @booklet {7087, title = {4-H teen leadership development in Nebraska}, year = {1986}, author = {John D. Orr and V. Gobeli} } @mastersthesis {9206, title = {A study of Georgia legislators{\textquoteright} perceptions of the University of Georgia Cooperative Extension Service}, volume = {Ed.D.}, year = {1986}, note = {

Modified NAL abstract.

}, school = {University of Georgia}, type = {Doctoral diss.}, abstract = {

The purpose of the study was to survey and analyze legislators\&$\#$39; perceptions toward the University of Georgia Cooperative Extension Service. The population was 236 senators and representative making up the 1985 Georgia General Assembly. Several independent variables emerged as statistically significant predictor\&$\#$39;s of legislators\&$\#$39; perception toward Extension: experience on agricultural related committees, length of Georgia residency, gender, personal affiliation and child\&$\#$39;s affiliation with 4-H. Further study was recommended as well as educational opportunities to reach officials, ideally before their term of office.

}, author = {Douglas Lunday Gatchell} } @mastersthesis {9163, title = {An analysis of the exchange relationships in a voluntary organization network undergoing structural change}, volume = {Ph.D.}, year = {1985}, school = {South Dakota State University}, type = {Doctoral diss.}, author = {Gary Alan Goreham} } @mastersthesis {9161, title = {The effects of a 4-H survival skills program on decision making skills of latchkey and non-latchkey children}, volume = {M.A.}, year = {1985}, school = {University of Maryland}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {Nancy E. Gaither} } @mastersthesis {9164, title = {Effects various demographic, socio-psychological and organizational characteristics of Kentucky 4-H volunteers have on their perceived human and educational needs relevant to fulfillment of their 4-H responsibilities}, volume = {M.S.}, year = {1985}, school = {North Carolina State University}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {Grace T. Gray} } @mastersthesis {9162, title = {The image of the 4-H professional/profession as perceived by selected Cooperative Extension Service professionals in the United States}, volume = {M.A.}, year = {1985}, note = {

Modified NAL abstract

}, school = {New Mexico State University}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, abstract = {

The major study described the current status of the image of the 4-H profession as perceived by Cooperative Extension Service (CES) professionals in the United States. A Likert-scale instrument and reflective scale was submitted to a random, stratified sample of Extension professionals, representing all states and the District of Columbia. The mean values for the image variables were positive. The 4-H professional is perceived most strongly as an autonomous decision maker, personally committed to public responsibility, as a lifelong learner, and holding equal professional status and freedom for advancement within CES. Two connected ideas should be addressed: the mission of 4-H as it fits a locality and the expected role of the 4-H/youth professional.

}, author = {Gary Wayne Gerhard} } @booklet {6977, title = {Criteria for responsive and relevant 4-H curriculum development}, year = {1984}, author = {V. Gobeli} } @mastersthesis {9121, title = {An experimental evaluation of resource materials on leadership/delegation for 4-H youth}, volume = {Ph.D.}, year = {1984}, note = {

PRK Abstract

Modified NAL abstract

May also be titled, \"Experimental evaluation of instructional materials on delegation for 4-H youth.\"

}, school = {Iowa State University}, type = {Doctoral diss.}, abstract = {

The study evaluated the effectiveness of resource materials on leadership delegation at two state 4-H camps in Iowa in 1983. The relationship of member participation and delegated leadership to group drive, cohesiveness and productivity were also studied. Preferred leadership styles of youth were measured. According to t-tests, the materials on delegation made a difference in the second camp in group drive and cohesiveness. The materials did not make a difference in productivity in either camp. The problem-solving decision making style Inventory (Hershey-Natemeyer, 1982) was used as a pre-posttest. T-test analysis showed that styles remained stable. The youth study approximated the adult model. Sex of campers was not related to style, except that females were slightly more likely to prefer the participative style. Delegation was not one of the preferred styles. Pearson\&$\#$39;s correlation revealed that measure so group effectiveness-drive, cohesiveness and productivity were highly and positively intercorrelated. Member participation was positively and moderately related to group effectiveness.

}, author = {Julia Andrew Gamon} } @booklet {6975, title = {The image of the 4-H professional: A study of the current status of the 4-H professional image as perceived by Cooperative Extension Service professionals in the United States}, year = {1984}, author = {Gary Wayne Gerhard} } @mastersthesis {9120, title = {Teen programs and slide set}, volume = {M.Ext.}, year = {1984}, note = {

Master of Extension degree

}, school = {Penn State University}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {Charles Gale} } @mastersthesis {9045, title = {Effects of decision process on elder participation in an intergenerational program}, volume = {Ph.D.}, year = {1982}, note = {

Modified NAL abstract

}, school = {Arizona State University}, type = {Doctoral diss.}, abstract = {

Elders can make a significant contribution to society. The decision-process treatments in this study were designed based on decision counseling procedures developed by Janis and Mann (1977). It was predicted that subjects in the self-persuasion condition would be more likely to participate than subjects in the balanced-decision making and information only conditions. Volunteer subjects (N=45) were randomly assigned to one of the three decision-process conditions: balanced decision making, self-persuasion, or information-only (control). Subjects were then asked to participate in an intergenerational activity. If they said yes (N=32) they were matched with 4-H clubs and Girl Scout troops. Results indicated that subjects in the self-persuasion condition were not more likely to participate in the intergenerational group (93\%) than subjects in the balanced decision making and information only conditions. No statistical differences were found in the study.

}, author = {Margaret Joan Gavillet} } @mastersthesis {9048, title = {Missouri{\textquoteright}s 4-H food and nutrition curriculum--A survey of clientele and staff}, volume = {Unknown}, year = {1982}, note = {

Paper: PRK Abstract

}, school = {University of Missouri}, type = {Thesis}, author = {M. J. Grimes} } @mastersthesis {9047, title = {The professional competencies needed by extension agents in the Pennsylvania Cooperative Extension Service}, volume = {Ph.D.}, year = {1982}, note = {

Modified NAL abstract

}, school = {Penn State University}, type = {Doctoral diss.}, abstract = {

The study identified 144 professional competencies needed by extension agents in Pennsylvania. A stratified random sample of extension agents in agriculture and natural resources, family living, 4-H and community development from nine administrative districts was selected for the study. A questionnaire, cover letter and self-addressed stamped envelope were mailed to 116 Extension agents and state staff members. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis were used to analyze the data. There were no significant differences in the perceptions of extension agents and state staff members regarding the importance of nine competency categories. The combined demographic factors showed a significant effect in the case of the youth program execution and administrative competency scales. The combined responses indicated that 26 competencies should be learned before entering the job, 6 competencies during a graduate program, and the remaining 113 can be learned on the job or through in-service. Finally, competencies included in the teaching, communication and understanding of human behavior categories should form a key component of any undergraduate program developed for preparing Extension agents.

}, author = {Ismael Miley Gonzalez} } @mastersthesis {9046, title = {A promotional slide-tape presentation for the Elkhart County Mini 4-H program}, volume = {M.A.}, year = {1982}, school = {Ball State University}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {Carol A. Gehrs} } @booklet {6976, title = {Cultural arts in 4-H -- Summary of 1981 Wisconsin 4-H cultural arts survey}, year = {1981}, author = {William E. Gleason and others} } @mastersthesis {9010, title = {Extracurricular activities of youth in grades four through nine}, volume = {M.A.}, year = {1981}, school = {University of Nebraska}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {Patricia A. Gordon} } @article {7838, title = {Extracurricular activities of youth in Lancaster county}, year = {1981}, pages = {19 pp.}, author = {Patricia A. Gordon} } @book {6820, title = {Organizing 4-H clubs in public housing projects}, year = {1981}, note = {Companion Piece with same title}, author = {Judy M. Groff} } @mastersthesis {9011, title = {The relationship of personal and social adjustment to clothing attitudes of 4-H boys and girls}, volume = {Ph.D.}, year = {1981}, note = {

Modified NAL abstract

}, school = {University of Maryland}, type = {Doctoral diss.}, abstract = {

The study used the theoretical model of Horn (1968) and Symbolic Interaction Theory to examine personal and social adjustment variables which were hypothesized to be related to attitudes held about clothing. The sample included 368 randomly selected 4-H boys and girls from 13 prominently mid-western states. Data were analyzed by a one-way analysis of variance on the total clothing attitude survey (TCAS) score by the independent variables. Correlation coefficients were calculated between components of the TCAS and the independent variables. Chi-square and a stepwise multiple linear regression model were also used to analyze the data.

Findings indicated that the personal adjustment variables of sex, self-concept, socioeconomic status did impact on attitudes toward clothing. Females and persons of high socio-economic status and high self-concept were more concerned about all aspects of clothing. Social adjustment variables did not show such clear indications.

}, author = {Barbara Pearman Gregory} } @mastersthesis {9009, title = {Youth learning to be leaders: A 4-H youth leadership development project workbook}, volume = {M.A.}, year = {1981}, school = {California State University, Sacramento}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, url = {http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8900235}, author = {Jeannette Lee George} } @mastersthesis {8976, title = {Effectiveness of the 4-H clothing construction project as measured through a workshop teaching method}, volume = {M.S.}, year = {1980}, school = {University of Arkansas}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {Carol Godfrey} } @mastersthesis {8975, title = {Revision of the Pennsylvania wildlife record book}, volume = {M.S.}, year = {1980}, note = {

1979 or 1980

}, school = {Penn State University}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, abstract = {

1979 or 1980.

}, author = {Thomas S. Gay} } @mastersthesis {8974, title = {The utilization and financial characteristics of tax exempt auxiliary corporation affiliated with the major public universities in the United States}, volume = {Ed.D.}, year = {1980}, note = {

Modified NAL abstract

}, school = {University of Massachusetts}, type = {Doctoral diss.}, abstract = {

The study attempted to uncover how major public universities in the U.S. are utilizing tax exempt auxiliary corporations that have been created by and are affiliated with those universities

and to explore the financial characteristics of the identified corporations. Data were collected by two questionnaires; the first sent to the chief fiscal officers of 111 major public universities, the second to the individual responsible for the operation of the of each corporation. Eighty-three percent of the chief fiscal officers and sixty percent of the operating officers responded. Among the findings: universities with the largest enrollments and general budgets had the greatest number of corporations. There was no significant difference in state support between those universities required to expose the resources of the corporation in the budget and those that were not. The study also isolated the following sixteen types of auxiliary corporations: General foundations, research related, alumni support, school support, student unions, and general auxiliary services, real estate, athletic support, specialized activities support, student publications, student housing, bookstores, health related, faculty clubs, investment holding, 4-H support, and miscellaneous. The general and financial characteristics of each type of corporation were studied and presented in detail.

}, author = {Robert William Gailey} } @article {7371, title = {The 4-H agent{\textquoteright}s job: Another look}, journal = {PRK Abstract - Published in Journal of Extension}, volume = {18}, year = {1979}, note = {

Accepted for publication August 1979

}, month = {January 1980}, pages = {23-28}, abstract = {

Ranked tasks and duties of county Extension 4-H Agents which include: Planning and conducting trainings sessions, providing continuing support, training and guidance to lay leaders, preparing educational program units, including demonstrations, lectures, discussion guides, and evaluation instruments, determine priorities of needs.

}, url = {https://archives.joe.org/joe/1980january/80-1-a4.pdf}, author = {Donald Henry Goering} } @booklet {6968, title = {The Gallup study of adults{\textquoteright} and children{\textquoteright}s{\textquoteright} participation in 4-H youth programs}, year = {1979}, author = {Gallup Organization} } @mastersthesis {8944, title = {Michigan extension agents{\textquoteright} attitudes toward computers and computerized extension forward planning and consulting programs: The TELPLAN system}, volume = {Ph.D.}, year = {1979}, note = {

Modified NAL abstract

}, school = {Michigan State University}, type = {Doctoral diss.}, abstract = {

The study investigated the Telplan System, the dependent variable \"attitude\" and the independent variables: age, level of formal education, length of employment, position held within the Extension Service, previous experience with computers, frequency of usable and the number of programs Telplan System used. Seven null hypotheses were tested at the .001 level of significance. Extension home economists and 4-H youth agents found the Telplan to be greatly related to educational services in agriculture but less to 4-H and family-living Extension. These agents were found to be in need of more information and continuing training as related to the Telplan system.

}, author = {Mehdi Ghods} } @mastersthesis {8913, title = {4-H program for handicapped children: A project}, volume = {M.A.}, year = {1978}, school = {California State University, Chico}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {Perle Ludy Gillum} } @article {7370, title = {4-Hers Learn... We shall all be old}, journal = {PRK Abstract - Published in Journal of Extension}, volume = {16}, year = {1978}, note = {

Accepted for publication November 1977

}, month = {March 1978}, pages = {10-13}, url = {https://archives.joe.org/joe/1978march/78-2-a2.pdf}, author = {J. Conrad Glass Jr. and Curtis Trent} } @article {7853, title = {An evaluation of a West Virginia 4-H leadership development training program: Volume 1, A Summary Report}, year = {1978}, author = {James C. Summers and Loretta Greenleaf} } @article {7800, title = {The Gallup study of public awareness and image of volunteer youth agencies}, year = {1978}, author = {USDA ES and Gallup Organization} } @mastersthesis {8914, title = {Tasks and duties of professional extension 4-H and youth leaders employed by the Iowa Cooperative Extension Service}, volume = {Ph.D.}, year = {1978}, school = {Iowa State University}, type = {Doctoral diss.}, abstract = {

Tasks and duties of Iowa State Extension 4-H and youth leaders were studied in order to implement an informal 4-H program. Based on perceptions of respondents to 125 tasks and 14 duty areas, the following questions were asked: Is the task or duty performed, the relative time spent on the performed tasks and duty areas, the relative criticality of performed tasks and duty areas and the relative difficulty of the performed duty area.

Five groups were identified who were familiar with the tasks and/or duty areas.

}, author = {Donald Henry Goering} } @mastersthesis {8890, title = {An analysis of the relationship between parental influence and 4-H membership status in Liberty County, Texas}, volume = {M.S.}, year = {1977}, school = {Texas Southern University}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {Nora M. Galley} } @booklet {6973, title = {Building the link between 4-H and community development}, year = {1977}, author = {C. J. Gauger} } @mastersthesis {8855, title = {Development of 4-H career education materials for Illinois Cooperative Extension Service advisers}, volume = {Ed.D.}, year = {1976}, school = {University of Illinois}, type = {Doctoral diss.}, author = {Walter Eugene Griffith} } @article {7358, title = {Economics in action: A program for youth}, journal = {Journal of Extension}, volume = {14}, year = {1976}, month = {May/June 1976}, pages = {16-19}, url = {https://archives.joe.org/joe/1976may/76-3-a3.pdf}, author = {W. M. Garmon and D. G. Harwood Jr.} } @article {7658, title = {Job satisfiers and dissatisfiers of Wisconsin 4-H youth agents}, year = {1976}, note = {Survey conducted in 1976}, pages = {approx. 10 pp.}, author = {C. Gutenberger and T. Geiger} } @mastersthesis {8818, title = {Relationships between Tennessee 4-H club explorer programs and volunteer leadership structure}, volume = {M.S.}, year = {1975}, school = {University of Tennessee}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {Bettye T. Griffin} } @mastersthesis {8794, title = {Analysis of personal problems reported by 4-H junior leaders using the Mooney Problem Check List}, volume = {Ed.Spec.}, year = {1974}, note = {

Education Specialist

}, school = {Purdue University}, type = {Thesis}, author = {Charles A. Gosney} } @article {7693, title = {The functional development and evaluation of a youth staffing model utilizing the ideal role of the paraprofessional youth worker}, year = {1974}, pages = {66 pp.}, author = {C. Lewis and John A. Kiesow and S. Lyday}, editor = {R. Gilchrist and T. Jeffs and J. Spence} } @booklet {6967, title = {The Gallup study of public awareness and image of voluntary youth agencies}, year = {1974}, author = {Gallup Organization} } @article {7374, title = {Study of 4-H Youth and 4-H programming}, journal = {Extension Studies}, volume = {49}, year = {1974}, note = {Also: Summary of the study of 4-H youth and 4-H programming.}, author = {D. Gottlieb and R. Lewis and Anne L. Heinsohn} } @mastersthesis {8778, title = {A comparative analysis of Florida 4-H organizational leaders{\textquoteright} and county extension 4-H coordinators{\textquoteright} perception of selected 4-H program functions}, volume = {Ed.D.}, year = {1973}, school = {Louisiana State University}, type = {Doctoral diss.}, author = {Thomas Charles Greenawalt} } @article {7366, title = {Sources of clothing ideas and patterns of clothing use of rural lower social class adolescents}, journal = {EHE Reporter Research and Studies Issue}, year = {1973}, month = {1973}, pages = {7 pp.}, author = {Cheryl A. Geiger} } @booklet {6974, title = {Factors influencing food choices of 4-H club members in Williamson County, Tennessee: A research summary of a graduate study}, year = {1972}, author = {Virginia Ruth Geary and Claire Gilbert and Robert S. Dodson} } @mastersthesis {8721, title = {An extension program for older youth concerning the cross-cultural influences of clothing}, volume = {M.S.}, year = {1971}, school = {Iowa State University}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {Susan Tyner Goodale} } @article {7375, title = {Youth agent{\textquoteright}s job: Critical components}, journal = {Journal of Extension}, volume = {9}, year = {1971}, month = {Summer 1971}, pages = {16-23}, url = {https://archives.joe.org/joe/1971summer/1971-2-a2.pdf}, author = {Loren Francis Goyen} } @mastersthesis {8697, title = {A study of selected adult performances of former 4-H club members and non-members from ten Wisconsin rural communities}, volume = {Ph.D.}, year = {1970}, school = {University of Wisconsin}, type = {Doctoral diss.}, author = {Mohamed Habeebuddin Ghatala} } @mastersthesis {8657, title = {Effects of voluntary exposure to 4-H programs through television}, volume = {M.S.}, year = {1969}, school = {Oklahoma State University}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {Carl Kurtis Godard} } @mastersthesis {8622, title = {Critical components of the work environment of county extension youth agents}, volume = {Ph.D.}, year = {1968}, school = {University of Wisconsin}, type = {Doctoral diss.}, author = {Loren Francis Goyen} } @mastersthesis {8621, title = {Selected eating habits and factors influencing food choices of 4-H club members in Williamson County, Tennessee, 1968}, volume = {M.S.}, year = {1968}, school = {University of Tennessee}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {Virginia Ruth Geary} } @mastersthesis {8567, title = {Saddle horse and other livestock advisors{\textquoteright} perceptions of 4-H club work in Ohio}, volume = {M.S.}, year = {1967}, school = {Ohio State University}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {Robert Harry Groves} } @mastersthesis {8472, title = {The 4-H TV science series in Nebraska}, volume = {M.Ed.}, year = {1965}, note = {

Master of Education degree

}, school = {Colorado State University}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {Gary B. Garey} } @mastersthesis {8474, title = {Comparison of high school 4-H members and 4-H dropouts in Hardy County, West Virginia}, volume = {Unknown}, year = {1965}, school = {West Virginia University}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {Frank B. Graham} } @mastersthesis {8473, title = {Factors associated with job performance of assistant and associate county agents doing 4-H club work, Louisiana, 1964}, volume = {Ph.D.}, year = {1965}, school = {Louisiana State University}, type = {Doctoral diss.}, author = {Edward William Gassie} } @mastersthesis {8476, title = {The perception home management committee members have of the Cooperative Extension Service and program planning in sixteen counties in Virginia}, volume = {M.S.}, year = {1965}, school = {Virginia Polytechnic Institute}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {Ethel Laurance Grubbs} } @mastersthesis {8475, title = {A study of the Georgia 4-H leadership program in Coffee, Cook, Lanier and Turner Counties}, volume = {Unknown}, year = {1965}, note = {

Paper

}, school = {University of Georgia}, type = {Thesis}, author = {Otis Eugene Grimes} } @mastersthesis {8431, title = {Study of physical fitness of Oklahoma 4-H club members}, volume = {M.S.}, year = {1964}, school = {Oklahoma State University}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {Warren Ray Graham} } @mastersthesis {8390, title = {County extension agents{\textquoteright} perception of needed 4-H program and procedural adjustments when 4-H enrollment increases to 5,000 members in Ohio counties}, volume = {M.S.}, year = {1963}, school = {Ohio State University}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {George Joseph Garman} } @mastersthesis {8349, title = {Some factors affecting support and cooperation of parents of junior 4-H club members, Livingston Parish, 1962}, volume = {Unknown}, year = {1962}, school = {Louisiana State University}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {Billy J. Greene} } @mastersthesis {8350, title = {A study of authoritarianism, social participation and other social factors of unmarried young adults in Lawrence County, Ohio}, volume = {M.A.}, year = {1962}, school = {University of Maryland}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {Virginia Ruth Griffin} } @mastersthesis {8305, title = {A comparison of the opinions of selected extension agents and 4-H junior leaders on the criteria influencing the selection of 4-H members to receive awards}, volume = {Unknown}, year = {1961}, school = {Louisiana State University}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {Conrad C. Gauthier} } @mastersthesis {8237, title = {An analysis of the training needs of 4-H community leaders and the need for assistance in training them as identified by county Extension agents in Kansas}, volume = {M.S.}, year = {1959}, school = {University of Maryland}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {Loren Francis Goyen} } @mastersthesis {8234, title = {Leadership theory and research applied to lay leadership in the Cooperative Extension Service at the county level}, volume = {Unknown}, year = {1959}, school = {University of Wisconsin}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {Ellen K. Garber} } @mastersthesis {8236, title = {Needs of youth, 4-H club work in selected countries, and the role of village workers and teachers in youth work in Punjab, India}, volume = {M.S.}, year = {1959}, school = {Cornell University}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {Dhara Singh Gill} } @mastersthesis {8235, title = {A study of the interests and value of 4-H club experiences as perceived by 4-H junior leaders in Ohio}, volume = {M.S.}, year = {1959}, school = {University of Wisconsin - Madison}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {Albert F. Gehres} } @mastersthesis {8202, title = {The nature of the junior leadership program as seen by the junior leaders in two-agent counties in northeastern area of South Dakota}, volume = {M.S.}, year = {1958}, school = {University of Wisconsin}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {Henrietta Gohring} } @mastersthesis {8173, title = {Factors associated with urban 4-H club work in selected parishes}, volume = {Unknown}, year = {1957}, school = {Louisiana State University}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {Edward William Gassie} } @mastersthesis {8148, title = {An appraisal of the 4-H tractor maintenance project in three Ohio counties}, volume = {M.S.}, year = {1956}, school = {University of Wisconsin}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {William Elmer Gill} } @mastersthesis {8149, title = {Individual member and club participation in Kentucky 4-H awards program, 1953-55}, volume = {M.S.}, year = {1956}, school = {University of Wisconsin}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {Margaret Gulley} } @mastersthesis {8127, title = {Effectiveness of the 4-H club program in Story County, Iowa}, volume = {M.S.}, year = {1955}, school = {Iowa State College}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {Carlyle Jay Gauger} } @article {9939, title = {Extension Teaching Methods: and other factors that influence adoption of agricultural and home economics practices}, volume = {495}, year = {1955}, month = {August 1955}, pages = {80 pages}, publisher = {University of Missouri. Extension}, address = {Columbia, MO}, keywords = {home economics, teaching}, url = {https://hdl.handle.net/10355/50569}, author = {Meredith C. Wilson}, editor = {Gallup Gladys} } @mastersthesis {8101, title = {A study of the tenure of Missouri 4-H members}, volume = {Unknown}, year = {1954}, school = {University of Missouri}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {Fran Graham} } @article {7656, title = {Study of Young people in Keokuk County, 1948-49}, year = {1951}, month = {September 1951}, pages = {19 pp.}, author = {Harlan H. Geiger} } @mastersthesis {8054, title = {A study of the family activity patterns of junior 4-H club members in Muscogee County, Georgia}, volume = {M.S.}, year = {1950}, school = {Alabama Polytechnic Institute}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {Elizabeth Susan Taylor Gaines} } @mastersthesis {8042, title = {Opinions of farm young men and women in Keokuk County with reference to an extension program for young people}, volume = {M.S.}, year = {1949}, school = {Iowa State University}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {Harlan Ervan Geiger} } @mastersthesis {8022, title = {Observations of the rate of gain and feed requirements in the Minnesota 4-H ton litter project}, volume = {M.S.}, year = {1945}, school = {University of Minnesota}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {Norman Jerome Goodwin} } @mastersthesis {8008, title = {Trends in organized service groups for rural youth, Sedgwick County, Kansas, 1920-1940}, volume = {M.A.}, year = {1941}, school = {Wichita State University}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {Guy Thompson Gebhardt} } @mastersthesis {7989, title = {An analysis of the social and economic background of elected agricultural leadership in six Arkansas counties}, volume = {M.S.}, year = {1939}, school = {University of Wisconsin}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {Celma B. Gilliland} } @mastersthesis {7963, title = {A study of 4-H club work in the United States, in Kansas, and in Sedgwick County, Kansas}, volume = {M.A.}, year = {1934}, school = {Wichita State University}, type = {Master{\textquoteright}s thesis}, author = {William Monroe Garthune} } @article {6971, title = {Young people{\textquoteright}s organizations in relation to rural life in Virginia with special reference to 4-H clubs}, number = {274}, year = {1930}, note = {

With Section IV on \"Effects of club work on school work\" by Florence Hammer Stubbs

}, institution = {Virginia Polytechnic Institute}, address = {Blacksburg, VA}, url = {https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uiug.30112019900890}, author = {William E. Garret} }