@article{704,
  author = {Steven T. Russell and Katherine E. Heck},
  title = {Middle school dropout?  Enrollment trends in the California 4-H youth development program.},
  abstract = {This study used proportional hazards modeling, also known as survival analysis, with over 221,000 youth in the California 4-H Youth Development Program data during 1992-2002 to examine patterns of enrollment, retention, and dropout.<br/>
Results showed that enrollment was greatest among youth ages 10-13 in 2002.  There was a trend toward dropout beyond age 11.  Enrollment was fairly stable at the younger ages, but dropout accelerated in middle school and beyond and was not made up by new youth joining the program at that age.  Two-thirds of the new enrollees were between 8 and 12 and fewer than 14 percent joined at high school age.<br/>
The average number of years youth spent in the program was greatest for youth who joined at age 9 (3.85 years spent enrolled on average).  Results showed that white youth and those living on farms were less likely to drop out of the program than other young people.},
  year = {2008},
  journal = {Applied Development Science},
  volume = {12},
  pages = {1-9},
  month = {03/2008},
  doi = {10.1080/10888690801910476},
  language = {eng},
}