@article {583,
	title = {Indigenous agroforestry of Pohnpei: 1. Plant species and cultivars},
	journal = {Agroforestry Systems},
	volume = {16},
	year = {1991},
	month = {November 1991},
	pages = {139-157},
	abstract = {Plant species and cultivars of the indigenous agroforestry system of Pohnpei were surveyed in transects through 54 randomly-selected farms. The agroforestry system was characterized by extensive cultivation of yams (Dioscorea), aroids (Alocasia), and Piper methysticum under a permanent overstory of breadfruit, coconut, and forest remnant trees and a middle canopy of Hibiscus tiliaceus, Musa spp., and Morinda citrifolia. In the 10 ha of survey plots, 161 species were found, of which 102 were trees, shrubs, and crops and 59 were uncultivated herbaceous plants. Numbers of tree, shrub, and crop species per farm ranged from 16 to 37 with an average of 26. Twenty-eight breadfruit and 38 yam cultivars were found in the survey plots, showing that cultivar diversity is an important component of the biological diversity maintained and utilized in Pohnpeian agroforests.},
	keywords = {agroforestry, cultivars, indigenous agriculture, low-input agriculture, Micronesia, Pacific islands, species diversity},
	doi = {10.1007/BF00129745},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00129745},
	author = {W. C. Raynor and J. H. Fownes}
}
@article {584,
	title = {Indigenous agroforestry of Pohnpei: 2. Spatial and successional vegetation patterns},
	journal = {Agroforestry Systems},
	volume = {16},
	year = {1991},
	month = {November 1991},
	pages = {159-165},
	abstract = {A vegetation survey of 54 randomly-selected Pohnpeian land holdings quantified agroforest vegetation patterns in terms of horizontal distribution in the landscape and changes over time. Spatial distribution of species, expressed as distance from the main household, varied greatly with successional stages to produce the characteristic pattern of the Pohnpeian agroforest. Food crops, bananas, and Piper methysticum were planted around the house compound first, then gradually planted further away over time. Upland forest and secondary successional trees were removed by girdling, and gradually replaced by annual and perennial crops and breadfruit and other trees. A fallow or reduced management stage was discerned, characterized by low densities of early successional crops and higher densities of weedy secondary successional species; this stage resulted from a reduction in management intensity, mainly due to a variety of socioeconomic factors. Although the indigenous Pohnpeian agroforestry system is permanent and thought to be sustainable, it is dynamic in space and time.},
	keywords = {agroforestry, low-input agriculture, Micronesia, Pacific islands, spatial pattern, succession, traditional agriculture},
	doi = {10.1007/BF00129746},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00129746},
	author = {W. C. Raynor and J. H. Fownes}
}
