@proceedings {478, title = {NFU{\textquoteright}s Annual Conference 1991}, year = {1991}, month = {23-24 May 1991}, publisher = {Norwegian Centre for International Agricultural Development, Agricultural University of Norway; Norwegian Association for Development Research}, address = {Aas [{\r A}s], Norway; Oslo, Norway}, abstract = {

Can researchers from different disciplines, especially the natural and social sciences, work effectively together? Can they complement each other, or are they mutually incompatible, speaking contradictory, or simply different, languages? What can the various disciplines--together or separately--offer to the decision maker? Are the imperatives of research and policy so different that they cannot, and should not, be directly linked? (author)

These issues were addressed at the seventh annual conference of the Norwegian Association for Development Research (NFU). This book contains the papers presented at the conference. Papers presented at the conference covered topics such as:

}, keywords = {Africa, agriculture, agroforestry, agroforestry development, environment, farmer research, farmers, food security, gene resources, interdisciplinary, interdisciplinary research, multidisciplinary teams, natural resources, Norsk forening for utviklingsforskning (NFU), Norwegian Association for Development Research, nutrition, participatory research, property rights, social justice, social sciences, Soil Productivity Research Program (SPRP), sustainable development, Zambia}, url = {http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/29625062}, author = {NORAGRIC} } @article {603, title = {Land use, soil loss, and sustainable agriculture in Rwanda}, journal = {Human Ecology}, volume = {18}, year = {1990}, note = {

See also: 10.22004/ag.econ.55057 (OA University of Minnesota Repository)

}, month = {June 1990}, pages = {147-161}, abstract = {The conservation of scarce land resources is essential to the long-term viability of agriculture in Rwanda. High population density, steep slopes, and abundant rainfall prevail in the highland portions of this African country, making the task of erosion control uncommonly difficult for the peasant farmer. The specific use to which land is put, e.g,, cultivation, fallow, pasture, woodlots, and if it is cultivated, the particular combination of crops grown, can be seen as contributing to both the cause and the solution of the land degradation problem. Based on data from a nationwide survey of over 4,800 agricultural fields in Rwanda, this study reviews the extent to which the land use and cropping patterns employed by farmers are appropriately suited, in terms of erosion control, to the topographical and environmental characteristics of their landholdings. Analyses of other aspects of the traditional agricultural system, eg, variations in relative soil fertility, the use of organic fertilizers, and the location of fields relative to the household, are introduced to help explain why farmers often fail to maximize erosion control through land use and cropping practices. Adjustments to current land use practices that can be expected to reduce soil loss are discussed. (author)}, keywords = {cropping patterns, food security, Rwanda, slope, soil loss, sustainable agriculture}, doi = {10.1007/BF00889179}, author = {Daniel C. Clay and Laurence A. Lewis} } @book {399, title = {The gene hunters: Biotechnology and the scramble for seeds}, series = {African Centre for Technology Studies research series no. 1}, year = {1989}, month = {1989}, pages = {288}, publisher = {Princeton University Press}, organization = {Princeton University Press}, address = {Princeton, NJ}, abstract = {As biotechnology grows in the agricultural world, the race is on for better seeds. The potential impacts resulting from biotechnological advances could be devastating. These changes will be unpredictable transformations in the global organization and distribution of production. This book examines the history of botany in the field of biotechnology. Various topics dealing with plant breeding and the seed industry discuss options Africa has for the future. Intellectual property rights and their protection are discussed. A case study involving germplasm and Kenya{\textquoteright}s agriculture is featured. This is a broad and encompassing discussion of the seed war.}, keywords = {Africa, biodiversity, botany, developing countries, economic policies, food security, forecasting, germplasm resources, intellectual property/germplasm, plant biotechnology, socioeconomics}, isbn = {0-691-00378-5}, url = {http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/19269376}, author = {Calestous Juma} }