@conference {774, title = {International Association for the Study of Common Property: "Designing sustainability on the Commons," 27-30 September 1990, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina}, year = {1990}, note = {

Conference papers available online, see url.

Conference also known as: \"the First Biennial Conference of the International Association for the Study of Common Property\"

}, month = {Sept 27-30, 1990}, publisher = {Duke University}, organization = {Duke University}, address = {Durham, NC}, abstract = {This is a program of events which includes abstracts of all papers presented. Good reference document.}, keywords = {common property, dams, fisheries, forest use, groundwater, irrigation, property rights, sustainability, water , watersheds}, url = {https://dlc.dlib.indiana.edu/dlc/browse?value=Designing+Sustainability+on+the+Commons\%2C+the+First+Biennial+Conference+of+the+International+Association+for+the+Study+of+Common+Property\&type=conference}, author = {International Association for the Study of Common Property} } @conference {788, title = {Program of events}, booktitle = {International Association for the Study of Common Property: "Designing sustainability on the Commons," 27-30 September 1990, held at Duke University, Durham, North Carolina}, year = {1990}, note = {Conference papers available online, see url.
Conference also known as: "the First Biennial Conference of the International Association for the Study of Common Property"}, month = {Sept. 27-30 1990}, publisher = {Duke University}, organization = {Duke University}, address = {Durham, NC}, abstract = {Program of events, presentations, and papers for conference.}, keywords = {dams, fisheries, forest use, groundwater, irrigation, property rights, water , watersheds}, url = {https://dlc.dlib.indiana.edu/dlc/browse?value=Designing+Sustainability+on+the+Commons\%2C+the+First+Biennial+Conference+of+the+International+Association+for+the+Study+of+Common+Property\&type=conference}, author = {International Association for the Study of Common Property} } @article {841, title = {The management of common property natural resources: Some conceptual and operational fallacies}, year = {1989}, note = {See also: http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/548811468740174575/pdf/multi-page.pdf}, month = {October 1989}, institution = {The World Bank}, address = {Washington, DC}, abstract = {

The topic of common property natural resources \— and the tenurial regimes that come to be regarded as suitable alternatives for the purposes of accelerated growth \— is critical to the practical work on development projects, primarily in agriculture, forestry, or fisheries. The job of designing or appraising such projects is a matter of complex craftsmanship. Central to this process are not only the technical and financial skills, but also a conceptual understanding of the socio-economic and cultural fabric within which individuals use and/or abuse their ecosystem. We deal in this paper precisely with such conceptual issues about property regimes, attempting to shed some light on several difficult and often-controversial questions embedded in the art and craft of purposive development interventions.

The term \"common property\" has been largely misunderstood and falsely interpreted for the past two-three decades. Common property regimes are not the free-for-all they have been described to be, but are structured ownership arrangements within which management rules are developed, group size is known and enforced, incentives exist for co-owners to follow the accepted institutional arrangements, and sanctions work to insure compliance.

This book starts with a discussion of property rights in natural resource management. The discussion will concern four possible management regimes (state property, private property, common property, and open access). It then turns to a discussion of project strategies and resource management, drawing particularly on Bank project experience in livestock, forestry, and watershed protection. It concludes with an agenda for action in natural resources, emphasizing the rehabilitation of rural managerial capacity. (author)

}, keywords = {absentee ownership, common property, common property regimes, forestry, livestock, natural resources, open access regimes, private property regimes, resource management, rural management, state property regimes, watersheds}, isbn = {0-8213-1249-9}, url = {http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/548811468740174575/The-management-of-common-property-natural-resources-some-conceptual-and-operational-fallacies}, author = {Daniel W. Bromley and Michael M. Cernea} } @inbook {795, title = {Rural development and the careful utilization of natural resources in the Peruvian Sierra}, booktitle = {Report on the Workshop-Seminar held in Achoma (Arequipa), Peru, 31 March to 9 April 1987}, year = {1989}, month = {March-April 1987}, publisher = {Deutsche Stiftung für Internationale Entwicklung (German Foundation for International Development)}, organization = {Deutsche Stiftung für Internationale Entwicklung (German Foundation for International Development)}, address = {Berlin, Germany}, abstract = {The Workshop-Seminar held in Achoma was the third in a series, its closest antecedent being the meeting held in 1984 in Feldafing (Federal Republic of Germany), which was likewise organized by DSE. On that occasion, the participants, who had been mainly concerned with analysing the ecological and development problems facing Peru, concluded and agreed that "If the quality of life in the Sierra does not improve, the country as a whole will be unable to make progress. Here lies the central problem of rural development in Peru." (author)}, keywords = {agriculture, Callalli, camelidae, Colca Valley, ecology, integrated management, Jalca, livestock, Maca, natural resources, Peru, Puna, rural development, Sierra, soils, Suni, trees, water , watersheds}, isbn = {3-924441-44-8}, url = {http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/243201934}, author = {Mar{\'\i}a Ang{\'e}lica Salas} } @inbook {782, title = {Managing natural resources for sustainability}, booktitle = {Sustainability Issues in Agricultural Development: Proceedings of the Seventh Agriculture Sector Symposium}, year = {1987}, month = {1987}, pages = {167-181}, publisher = {World Bank}, organization = {World Bank}, address = {Washington, DC}, abstract = {I believe that sustainability with respect to natural resource management has a solid economic underpinning. It implies maintaining the productivity of the resource base. In fact, it implies more. In precisely those countries where populations are rising more rapidly, the poorest, the relative importance of natural resources in total productive capital is greatest. If those larger populations are to be enabled to improve their standards of consumption, the productivity of the asset base must increase. Yet, in these same countries and others, a wide range of natural resources are becoming less productive through depletion and deterioration. There is an issue of intergenerational equity. I do not propose to plunge into the arcane subject of social rates of time discount--one I gladly leave to more sophisticated theorists. But I raise the question: Is it fair to leave for a population that will inevitably be much larger (whatever to be much better off) a natural resource base that has been depleted and rendered significantly less productive than it is today? (author)}, keywords = {agricultural conservation, agriculture, agriculture and state, biodiversity, biological diversity, congresses, desertification, development, economics, forestry, irrigation, management, natural resources, salinization, soil erosion, sustainability, Third World countries, tropical, waterlogging, watersheds}, isbn = {0-8213-0909-9}, url = {http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/925356016}, author = {Robert Repetto}, editor = {Ted J. Davis and Isabelle A. Schirmer} } @conference {785, title = {Notes and reflections on the workshop on farmers and agricultural research: Complementary methods}, booktitle = {Paper presented at IDS Workshop on Farmers and Agricultural Research: Complementary Methods, July 26-31, 1987, University of Sussex}, year = {1987}, note = {IDS (Institute of Development Studies)}, month = {July 1987}, publisher = {Brighton, UK}, organization = {Brighton, UK}, address = {University of Sussex}, abstract = {The workshop, Farmers and Agricultural Research: Complementary Methods, was held at the Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK, from 26 to 31 July 1987. The objective was to take stock of new methods and approaches that scientists have been developing, to share experience, to assess potential, and to identify what steps should be taken next. The 42 notes and papers and the five days of the discussion at the workshop were designed for the exchange and exploration rather than to generate an agreed statement. What follows are therefore personal notes and reflections, and responsibility for the views expressed is mine and not of anyone else. All the same, I am trying to present views expressed, and there was a degree of consensus which suggests that few participants would probably wish to dissent substantially from much of what follows. (author)}, keywords = {agricultural research, agricultural science, agroforestry, agronomy, Bangladesh, bio-economic, Botswana, Brazil, Bungoma, Colombia, cropping systems, cropping systems research, crops, development, dry farming, dryland agriculture, East India, farmer experimentation, farmers, Farming Systems Development Project-Eastern Visayas (FSDP-EV), food, India, indigenous genetic resources, indigenous technical knowledge , Indore, Kenya, land classification, livestock, Luapula, Luapula Province, Nepal, on-farm varietal, Peru, Pokot, regular research field hearings (RRFH), research and development , resource-poor, rice, scientized packages, soil classification, Sub-Saharan Africa, topsoil, tree planting, trees, Turkana, watersheds, Zambia}, author = {Robert Chambers} } @inbook {926, title = {The user perspective and the agroforestry research and action agenda}, booktitle = {Agroforestry: Realities, possibilities and potentials}, year = {1987}, note = {Chapter 6}, month = {July 26-31,1987}, pages = {59-87}, publisher = {Martin Nijhoff Publishers in cooperation with ICRAF, distributors for the U.S. and Canada, Kluwer Academic Publishers.}, organization = {Martin Nijhoff Publishers in cooperation with ICRAF, distributors for the U.S. and Canada, Kluwer Academic Publishers.}, address = {Dordrecht, Netherlands}, abstract = {

This paper focuses on the user perspective and the agroforestry research and action agenda. The main points are that tapping farmer expertise and experience can provide information and judgment and \"successful\" technologies can often have a negative effect on specific groups. (author)

This document looks at why there is a need for a user perspective in tropical research and development, especially for agroforestry projects. It also looks at what agroforestry is used for and for whom is serves. The design and practice in rural areas where the landscape presents a challenge to agroforestry is looked at. Indigenous knowledge and agroforestry is discussed along with the four foci of a user perspective in agroforestry. It provides the agroforestry research and action agenda and it answers the question of: How can institutions develop and apply a user perspective for projects?

}, keywords = {farmer participatory research, on-farm research, participatory research, watersheds, women}, isbn = {90-247-3590-4}, url = {http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/16352684}, author = {Dianne E. Rocheleau}, editor = {Henry L. Gholz} } @book {342, title = {Improved production systems as an alternative to shifting cultivation}, series = {FAO Soils Bulletin no. 53}, year = {1984}, month = {1984}, pages = {201}, publisher = {Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations}, organization = {Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations}, address = {Rome}, abstract = {Shifting cultivation, under its diverse forms of slash and burn systems, is a traditional method of cultivating tropical upland soils, mostly for subsistence purposes. During the rest or fallow periods intervening between crops, the natural fertility of the soil is restored for renewed utilization in a subsequent period of crop growth. This traditional system of cultivation is in ecological balance with the environment and does not irreversibly degrade the soil resource, provided a sufficient length of fallow is allowed for soil restoration.}, keywords = {agricultural systems, agroecology, agroforestry, alley cropping, appropriate technology and intermediate technology, climate, farming systems, horticulture, livestock, rainfall, research , shifting cultivation, soil management, watersheds}, isbn = {92-5-102121-X}, url = {http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/11418879}, author = {Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). Soil Resources, Management and Conservation Service} }