@book {415, title = {User groups as producers in participatory afforestation strategies}, year = {1989}, month = {December 1989}, publisher = {Harvard Institute for International Development}, organization = {Harvard Institute for International Development}, address = {Cambridge, MA}, abstract = {This paper{\textquoteright}s area of analysis is social forestry, particularly under regimes of common property or joint usufruct over natural resources. The paper will argue that sociological analysis brings an increment of professional precision to the thinking about participation in natural resource management by proposing strategies for organizing the individual users of natural resources into user groups and for enabling such user groups to act as producers and managers in order to generate increased benefits through group action. Conversely, the paper contends that when sociological understanding is absent, well intentioned attempts toward participation lack compass and often result, as will be shown, in misguided intervention. (author)}, keywords = {community woodlots, land tenure, land use, reforestation, social forestry, social organization}, author = {Michael M. Cernea} } @article {618, title = {Market structure and social organization in a Ghanaian marketing system}, journal = {American Ethnologist}, volume = {6}, year = {1979}, month = {November 1979}, pages = {682-701}, abstract = {

Models of market structure, borrowed from industrial organization economists, are employed to analyze the relationship between social organization and economic conditions in a Ghanaian marketing system. Comparative analysis of vegetable, fish, and yam marketing identifies three distinct modes of social organization\ \— pure competition, ethnic monopolization, and associational monopolization \— and explains differences in social patterns in terms of underlying supply and distribution structures.

}, keywords = {Africa, associational monopolization, economics, ethnic monopolization, fish, Ghana, market system, marketing, pure competition, social organization, social patterns, vegetables, yams}, url = {http://www.jstor.org/stable/643564}, author = {Brian Schwimmer} }