@article {691, title = {The need to build upon farmer practice and knowledge: Reminders from selected upland conservation projects and policies}, journal = {Agroforestry Systems}, volume = {9}, year = {1989}, month = {October 1989}, pages = {141-153}, abstract = {

On-farm research and development projects in SE Asia\&$\#$39;s uplands have addressed problems of ecosystems degradation. Farmer adoption, however, of land conservation technologies has generally not resulted or has not been sustainable. This paper examines four agroforestry projects and two policy approaches meant to protect upland resources. Promoted innovations and farmer adoption are described. Six lessons are reemphasized:

Overall, variable scale diagnosis and design that is unbiased towards pre-selected technologies is needed. Lessons learned contributed to farmer-participatory agroforestry research being conducted in an upland rice-based system in the Philippines. (author)

}, keywords = {adoption, agriculture, conservation, diagnosis and design, farmer knowledge, farmer participation, farmer practice, forestry, labor, participatory research, resource management, rice, slash and burn, soil erosion, sustainability, swiddens, upland farming}, doi = {10.1007/BF00168259}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00168259}, author = {S. Fujisaka} } @article {422, title = {Amazon fires unstoppable, official says}, year = {1988}, month = {Sept 1, 1988}, pages = {7A}, address = {Des Moines, IA}, abstract = {Brazilian officials of forest protection have admitted that the deliberate and blatant destruction of the rainforest cannot be stopped. They stated that they have no way for the government to intervene because of a government policy implemented in the 1970s. Other Brazilian officials have refused to admit how bad the destruction has become. Previous statistics provided by the forest service were much lower than the actual damage. Tons of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide have been pumped into the earths{\textquoteright}s atmosphere, contributing to the "greenhouse effect."}, keywords = {Brazil, rainforests, slash and burn}, author = {Jan Rocha} } @book {372, title = {People of the tropical rain forest}, year = {1988}, month = {1988}, pages = {231}, publisher = {University of California Press}, organization = {University of California Press}, address = {Berkeley, CA}, abstract = {A compilation of writings some of which are incomplete. Beginning with chapter five this is an incomplete book about the specific people of the rain forest. It starts with the Indian National Resource management, Hill People of Northern Thailand, Hunters and Farmers of the African Forest, and people of the floodplain and forest. Not only does this excerpt discuss the Indians of Amazonia, but also discusses the regions. It also discusses the way each of the tribes make their living and how they use the resources around them. The last thing the chapter talks of is the ribere{\~n}os{\textquoteright} lives beyond the village. The excerpt includes many pictures and a few graphs.}, keywords = {Amazon, boats, Brazil, canoes, Central America, fallow, Native Americans, rainforests, slash and burn, smallholders, South America, swiddens, tribal peoples, tropical forests}, isbn = {0-520-06295-7; 0-520-06351-1}, url = {http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/59892476}, editor = {Julie Sloan Denslow and Christine Padoch} } @article {487, title = {Unraveling another Mayan mystery}, year = {1987}, month = {June 1987}, pages = {40-49}, abstract = {It has been thought for some time that he inability of the Maya to feed themselves was the precursor of their downfall. However Arturo Gomez-Pompa, a botanist and conservationist at the University of California at Riverside, has found evidence of raised fields in Maya territory which would have had the ability to support the Maya at their height. This paper contrasts raised field technology with slash-and-burn technology and looks at the advantages of raised fields over both slash and burn and modern agriculture.}, keywords = {citrus, cocao, mahogany, mamey, Maya, pet kot, rainforests, raised fields, raman, sapodilla, sapote, slash and burn, Yucatan}, author = {Allan Chen} } @article {840, title = {The implications of farming systems analysis for land titling in the area of Quimistan, Santa Barbara, Honduras}, year = {1986}, note = {CIKARD copy is a draft}, month = {January 1986}, institution = {Institute for Environmental Studies, Land Tenure Center}, address = {University of Wisconsin-Madison}, abstract = {

This document summarizes a farming systems analysis carried out in the region of Quimistan, Department of Santa Barbara, Honduras, during January 1986. The work was done as a part of the Land Tenure Center\&$\#$39;s evaluation of the Honduran Land Titling Project. Our objectives were to characterize the agricultural systems and land use practices in the area, to identify problems and constraints related to land use, and to assess actual and potential impacts of the land titling project on agriculture in the region. The study is comprised of two parts:

  1. an agro-ecological characterization of the zone and
  2. detailed case studies of eight farming systems.
}, keywords = {agroforestry, crop rotation, fallow, fertilizer, firewood, fuelwood, herbicide, land tenure, manure, peasant community, pesticides, shifting cultivation, slash and burn, trees, tropical forests}, author = {Becky J. Brown and Alexander Coles} } @inbook {895, title = {Machiguenga Gardens}, booktitle = {Adaptive responses of native Amazonians}, year = {1983}, note = {Chapter 2}, month = {1983}, pages = {29-63}, publisher = {Academic Press}, organization = {Academic Press}, address = {New York}, abstract = {The present description concerns shifting cultivation among the Machiguenga, Native American inhabitants of the tropical rainforest of the Upper Amazon, specifically, a community on the Kompiroshiato River, a tributary of the Urubamba River in the department of Cuzco, Peru. The language is of the Arawakan family, and is closely allied to that of the Amuesha, Campa, and Piro Indians, who also inhabit the montana of Southeastern Peru. As is typical of the montana region, Machiguenga settlements vary from single families to small hamlets of related families located on a stream that provides clean water for household needs, near a river suitable for fishing, and with abundant forest for hunting and from which gardens are cleared. Population density is 0.3 persons/km2. The Machiguenga spend nearly as much time procuring wild foods as they do cultivating their gardens, but it is from their gardens that the vast bulk of their food derives, including a great overproduction of starchy tubers for food security under isolated and vulnerable living conditions. (author)}, keywords = {cacao, coffee, forest dwellers, horticulture, hunter-gatherer, labor, maize, manioc, Native Americans, rainforests, shifting cultivation, slash and burn, soils, South America, weeds, women, yams}, url = {http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8827760}, author = {Allen Johnson}, editor = {Raymond B. Hames and William T. Vickers} } @book {376, title = {Place and people: An ecology of a New Guinean community}, year = {1971}, note = {This book was published by ANU Press between 1965{\textendash}1991.This republication is part of the digitisation project being carried out by Scholarly Information Services/Library and ANU Press.This project aims to make past scholarly works published by The Australian National University available to a global audience under its open-access policy.}, month = {1971}, pages = {xii, 265 pp.}, publisher = {Australian National University Press and University of California Press}, organization = {Australian National University Press and University of California Press}, address = {Canberra and Berkeley}, abstract = {This book provides a detailed look at Bomagai-Angoiang horticultural/agricultural production systems in New Guinea. Included are breakdowns of crop occurrence ratios, women{\textquoteright}s tasks, men{\textquoteright}s tasks, land distribution, village set-up, food preparation, population density, and shifting cultivation. Through a chronological approach this book shows the cycle of Bomagai-Angoiang production and the advantages and disadvantages swidden agriculture brings with it.}, keywords = {slash and burn, taxonomy}, isbn = {0-7081-0129-1}, url = {http://hdl.handle.net/1885/114753}, author = {William C. Clarke} } @book {384, title = {Shifting cultivation in Africa: The Zande system of agriculture}, year = {1956}, month = {1956}, pages = {xxxi, 304 pp.}, publisher = {Routledge \& Kegan Paul}, organization = {Routledge \& Kegan Paul}, address = {London, England}, abstract = {The excerpts from this book talk about the Zande ecological conceptions concerning swidden farming, rock and stone formations. The second part of this excerpt looks at Zande Crops: millet, Maize, sorghum, rice, cowpeas, green gram. The excerpt finishes with a discussion of overcultivation.}, keywords = {cowpeas, crop rotation, ecology, green gram, maize, millet, overcultivation, rice, rock formations, slash and burn, sorghum, swiddens, taxonomy, Zande}, url = {https://ehrafworldcultures-beta.its.yale.edu/cultures/fo07/documents/060}, author = {Pierre de Schlippe} }