TY - JOUR T1 - The need to build upon farmer practice and knowledge: Reminders from selected upland conservation projects and policies JF - Agroforestry Systems Y1 - 1989 A1 - S. Fujisaka KW - adoption KW - agriculture KW - conservation KW - diagnosis and design KW - farmer knowledge KW - farmer participation KW - farmer practice KW - forestry KW - labor KW - participatory research KW - resource management KW - rice KW - slash and burn KW - soil erosion KW - sustainability KW - swiddens KW - upland farming AB -

On-farm research and development projects in SE Asia's uplands have addressed problems of ecosystems degradation. Farmer adoption, however, of land conservation technologies has generally not resulted or has not been sustainable. This paper examines four agroforestry projects and two policy approaches meant to protect upland resources. Promoted innovations and farmer adoption are described. Six lessons are reemphasized:

Overall, variable scale diagnosis and design that is unbiased towards pre-selected technologies is needed. Lessons learned contributed to farmer-participatory agroforestry research being conducted in an upland rice-based system in the Philippines. (author)

VL - 9 UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00168259 IS - 2 U1 - Agroforest Syst JO - The need to build upon farmer practice and knowledge ER - TY - NEWS T1 - Amazon fires unstoppable, official says T2 - The Des Moines Register Y1 - 1988 A1 - Jan Rocha KW - Brazil KW - rainforests KW - slash and burn AB - Brazilian officials of forest protection have admitted that the deliberate and blatant destruction of the rainforest cannot be stopped. They stated that they have no way for the government to intervene because of a government policy implemented in the 1970s. Other Brazilian officials have refused to admit how bad the destruction has become. Previous statistics provided by the forest service were much lower than the actual damage. Tons of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide have been pumped into the earths's atmosphere, contributing to the "greenhouse effect." JF - The Des Moines Register CY - Des Moines, IA ER - TY - BOOK T1 - People of the tropical rain forest Y1 - 1988 ED - Julie Sloan Denslow ED - Christine Padoch KW - Amazon KW - boats KW - Brazil KW - canoes KW - Central America KW - fallow KW - Native Americans KW - rainforests KW - slash and burn KW - smallholders KW - South America KW - swiddens KW - tribal peoples KW - tropical forests AB - A compilation of writings some of which are incomplete. Beginning with chapter five this is an incomplete book about the specific people of the rain forest. It starts with the Indian National Resource management, Hill People of Northern Thailand, Hunters and Farmers of the African Forest, and people of the floodplain and forest. Not only does this excerpt discuss the Indians of Amazonia, but also discusses the regions. It also discusses the way each of the tribes make their living and how they use the resources around them. The last thing the chapter talks of is the ribereños' lives beyond the village. The excerpt includes many pictures and a few graphs. PB - University of California Press CY - Berkeley, CA SN - 0-520-06295-7; 0-520-06351-1 UR - http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/59892476 ER - TY - MGZN T1 - Unraveling another Mayan mystery Y1 - 1987 A1 - Allan Chen KW - citrus KW - cocao KW - mahogany KW - mamey KW - Maya KW - pet kot KW - rainforests KW - raised fields KW - raman KW - sapodilla KW - sapote KW - slash and burn KW - Yucatan AB - It has been thought for some time that he inability of the Maya to feed themselves was the precursor of their downfall. However Arturo Gomez-Pompa, a botanist and conservationist at the University of California at Riverside, has found evidence of raised fields in Maya territory which would have had the ability to support the Maya at their height. This paper contrasts raised field technology with slash-and-burn technology and looks at the advantages of raised fields over both slash and burn and modern agriculture. JF - Discover ER - TY - RPRT T1 - The implications of farming systems analysis for land titling in the area of Quimistan, Santa Barbara, Honduras Y1 - 1986 A1 - Becky J. Brown A1 - Alexander Coles KW - agroforestry KW - crop rotation KW - fallow KW - fertilizer KW - firewood KW - fuelwood KW - herbicide KW - land tenure KW - manure KW - peasant community KW - pesticides KW - shifting cultivation KW - slash and burn KW - trees KW - tropical forests AB -

This document summarizes a farming systems analysis carried out in the region of Quimistan, Department of Santa Barbara, Honduras, during January 1986. The work was done as a part of the Land Tenure Center's evaluation of the Honduran Land Titling Project. Our objectives were to characterize the agricultural systems and land use practices in the area, to identify problems and constraints related to land use, and to assess actual and potential impacts of the land titling project on agriculture in the region. The study is comprised of two parts:

  1. an agro-ecological characterization of the zone and
  2. detailed case studies of eight farming systems.
PB - Institute for Environmental Studies, Land Tenure Center CY - University of Wisconsin-Madison N1 - CIKARD copy is a draft U5 - 16 pp. ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Machiguenga Gardens T2 - Adaptive responses of native Amazonians Y1 - 1983 A1 - Allen Johnson ED - Raymond B. Hames ED - William T. Vickers KW - cacao KW - coffee KW - forest dwellers KW - horticulture KW - hunter-gatherer KW - labor KW - maize KW - manioc KW - Native Americans KW - rainforests KW - shifting cultivation KW - slash and burn KW - soils KW - South America KW - weeds KW - women KW - yams AB - The present description concerns shifting cultivation among the Machiguenga, Native American inhabitants of the tropical rainforest of the Upper Amazon, specifically, a community on the Kompiroshiato River, a tributary of the Urubamba River in the department of Cuzco, Peru. The language is of the Arawakan family, and is closely allied to that of the Amuesha, Campa, and Piro Indians, who also inhabit the montana of Southeastern Peru. As is typical of the montana region, Machiguenga settlements vary from single families to small hamlets of related families located on a stream that provides clean water for household needs, near a river suitable for fishing, and with abundant forest for hunting and from which gardens are cleared. Population density is 0.3 persons/km2. The Machiguenga spend nearly as much time procuring wild foods as they do cultivating their gardens, but it is from their gardens that the vast bulk of their food derives, including a great overproduction of starchy tubers for food security under isolated and vulnerable living conditions. (author) JF - Adaptive responses of native Amazonians PB - Academic Press CY - New York UR - http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8827760 N1 - Chapter 2 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Place and people: An ecology of a New Guinean community Y1 - 1971 A1 - William C. Clarke KW - slash and burn KW - taxonomy AB - This book provides a detailed look at Bomagai-Angoiang horticultural/agricultural production systems in New Guinea. Included are breakdowns of crop occurrence ratios, women's tasks, men's tasks, land distribution, village set-up, food preparation, population density, and shifting cultivation. Through a chronological approach this book shows the cycle of Bomagai-Angoiang production and the advantages and disadvantages swidden agriculture brings with it. PB - Australian National University Press and University of California Press CY - Canberra and Berkeley SN - 0-7081-0129-1 UR - http://hdl.handle.net/1885/114753 N1 - This book was published by ANU Press between 1965–1991.This republication is part of the digitisation project being carried out by Scholarly Information Services/Library and ANU Press.This project aims to make past scholarly works published by The Australian National University available to a global audience under its open-access policy. ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Shifting cultivation in Africa: The Zande system of agriculture Y1 - 1956 A1 - Pierre de Schlippe KW - cowpeas KW - crop rotation KW - ecology KW - green gram KW - maize KW - millet KW - overcultivation KW - rice KW - rock formations KW - slash and burn KW - sorghum KW - swiddens KW - taxonomy KW - Zande AB - The excerpts from this book talk about the Zande ecological conceptions concerning swidden farming, rock and stone formations. The second part of this excerpt looks at Zande Crops: millet, Maize, sorghum, rice, cowpeas, green gram. The excerpt finishes with a discussion of overcultivation. PB - Routledge & Kegan Paul CY - London, England UR - https://ehrafworldcultures-beta.its.yale.edu/cultures/fo07/documents/060 ER -