"Rules and Regulations of a Community" - Robert Owen (1771-1858) (The New Moral World, 1843)
Detailed proposals for a series of communities to be established in Ireland. Based on lectures given in Dublin in 1823. See also 1813, 1830, 1839, 1841, 1844, 1846, and 1855 (2) Owen.
Keywords: Male author; Scottish author; Welsh author

"The Vision: A Fragment" - [John Logan] [Campbell] (1817-1912) (Southern Cross, New Zealand Guardian, Auckland, Thames, and Bay of Plenty Advertizer, 1843)
A short vision of Auckland, New Zealand in the future. Some eutopian; some dystopian.
Keywords: Aotearoa New Zealand author; Male author; Scottish author

The Amazonian Republic Recently Discovered in the Interior of Peru. By Ex-Midshipman Timothy Savage, B.C. Member of the Philosophical Society of Baltimore and of the Antiquarian Academy of Staten Island - Timothy Savage [pseud?] (Samuel Colman, 1842)
Primarily a utopian satire. A developed country with the government the same as the United States. Effeminate men. Some material on a new religion.
Rpt. as The Amazonian Republic (1842). A Facsimile Reproduction With an Introduction by Joel Nydahl (v-xvi). Delmar, NY: Scholars’ Facsimiles and Reprints, 1976.
Keywords: US author

"Locksley Hall" - Alfred Tennyson (1809-92) (Poems, 1842)
One section of the poem (lines 119-30 in the Ricks edition) depicts a future world war followed by a world federation and universal law. See also 1886 Tennyson, “Locksley Hall Sixty Years Later”.
U.S. ed. Boston, MA: William D. Ticknor, 1842), 2: 92-111. Rpt. in The Poems of Tennyson. Ed. Christopher Ricks (London: Longmans, 1969), 2: 688-99. Critical ed. in The Poems of Tennyson in three volumes. Second Edition Incorporating the Trinity College Manuscript. Ed. Christopher Ricks (London: Longman 1987), II: 120-30, with an introductory note (118-20) and textual notes as footnotes.
Keywords: English author; Male author

The Scheme of Universal Brotherhood; or the Christian System of Mutual Assistance. Proposing A System of Society, Natural In Its Construction, Easy In Its Application, Interfering With No Sect In Religion, Or Party In Politics, And Insuring the Happiness and Innocence of All Mankind. Compiled from the Works of Celebrated Authors (Watson, 1842)
Eutopia with extraordinary detail on all aspects of life, including such things as descriptions of horses, dress, and amusements. Women are physically and mentally inferior. No marriage. Sexual freedom.

A Voyage from Utopia to Several Unknown Regions of the World. By Yarbfj. Translated from the American - John Francis Bray (1809-97) (Lawrence and Wishart, 1842)
Satire on contemporary nations.
Rpt. in Modern British Utopias 1700-1850. Ed. Gregory Claeys. 8 vols. (London: Pickering & Chatto, 1997), 7: 349-486. Claeys re-transcribed the text from the original manuscript.
Keywords: English author; Male author; US author

A Century Hence or, A Romance of 1941 - George Tucker (1775-1861) (University Press of Virginia, 1841)
The novel is mildly dystopian and emphasizes the effects of overpopulation stressing problems related to food production, unemployment, and the quality of life. In New York City, people live on sampans. In England, there is no uncultivated land left, and in Asia the situation is worse. There are various proposals to reduce population growth, including birth control and delaying marriage with a tax on those who marry young. Also depicts the advancement of women in Europe, where they are physicians and preachers, but not in the U.S., which has not changed. Some on international relations.
Keywords: Male author; US author

A Development of the Principles and Plans on which to Establish Self-Supporting Home Colonies; as a Most Secure and Profitable Investment for Capital, and an Effectual Means Permanently to Remove the Causes of Ignorance, Poverty, and Crime. And Most Materially to Benefit All Classes of Society by Giving a Right Attention to the Now Greatly Misdirected Powers of the Human Faculties and of Physical and Moral Science - Robert Owen (1771-1858) (Home Colonization Society, 1841)
Detailed description of the transition to the Owenite eutopia through the establishment of communities designed to become self-supporting. Each community planned for 2000 to 2500 permanent residents on 2000 to 3000 acres. Includes descriptions of the buildings and gardens and the "General Rules and Regulations" for the community (396-401 in Claeys). See also 1813, 1830, 1839, 1843, 1844, 1846, and 1855 (2).
2nd ed. London: Home Colonization Society, 1841; rpt. in Selected Works of Robert Owen. Ed. Gregory Claeys. 4 vols. (London: William Pickering, 1993), 2: 337-407.
Keywords: Male author; Scottish author; Welsh author

"The Future Is Better Than the Past" (The Dial (Boston, MA), 1841)
Poem describing an Eden-like future.

"Marriage, or a Vision of Socialism" - R [pseud.] (The Bristol Magazine, and Western Literary Journal, 1841)
Satire on the supposed practices of socialism. No marriage bonds. Women offer themselves and negotiate a temporary arrangement.

"A New Society" - [Betsey Guppy] [Chamberlain] (1797-1886) (The Lowell Offering; A Repository of Original Articles, Written Exclusively By Females Employed in the Mills (Lowell, MA), 1841)
A short dream of proposals for a future egalitarian society presented through resolutions from the “Annual Meeting of the Society for the promotion of Industry, Virtue and Knowledge” of 1860. .
Rpt. in The Lowell Offering: Writings by New England Mill Women (1840-1845). Ed. Benita Eisler (Philadelphia, PA: J.B. Lippincott, 1977), 208-10.
Keywords: Female author; Native American author

The Orphan of Novogorod: An Illyrian Tale - [Louis Antony] [Donatti] (1781-1852) (Black and Armstrong, 1841)
Detailed eutopia describing an isolated Christian community. Discusses the clergy, health, and education, among other things. Small part of an adventure tale.
Keywords: Male author; Slovenian author; UK author

"The Assassins. A Fragment of a Romance" - Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792-1822) (Essays, Letters from Abroad, Translations and Fragments, 1840)
The Wandering Jew discovers an isolated Christian sect that is a eutopia of innocence and purity founded on love.
Rpt. in The Complete Works of Percy Bysshe Shelley. Ed. Roger Ingram and Walter E. Peck. 10 vols. (London: Published For The Julian Editions by Ernest Benn, 1929), 6: 155-71; in Shelley’s Prose or The Trumpet of Prophecy. Ed. David Lee Clark (London: Fourth Estate, 1988), 144-54; and in The Prose Works of Percy Bysshe Shelley. Ed. E[ugene] B[ernard] Murray (Oxford, Eng.: Clarendon Press, 1993), 1: 124-39. Editorial Commentary 384-90.
Keywords: English author; Male author

Elmaphil: A Fragment of the Last Antediluvian Days - The Author of “A Fantastical Flight into the Planets. [pseud.] (Saunders & Otley, 1840)
A description and story of life before the flood, mostly using Biblical sources. There are eutopian elements--e.g., ". . . in those blessed days, no rain, no storm, intruded. . . (3). Vegetarian (see Genesis xi,3), but the story is of heroic but fallible humans, and most of the work is adventure and romance.

Social Destiny of Man: or, Association and Reorganization of Industry - Albert Brisbane 1809-1890) (C. F. Stollmeyer, 1840)
The book is a very detailed presentation of life under Association in a Fourierist Phalanx, much of it taken directly from Fourier. The author is known as the primary popularizer in the United States of the ideas of Charles Fourier (1772-1837).
Rpt. New York: Burt Franklin, 1968; and New York: Augustus M. Kelley, 1969.
Keywords: Male author; US author

Society Organized. An Allegory: Part I - William Augustus Gordon Hake (1811-1914) (Sherwood, 1840)
Poem with notes producing a vague utopia. Cooperation of elites, masses, and scientists.
Keywords: English author; Male author

"The Last Man" - Edward Wallace (The Last Man; A Poem, in Three Cantos, 1839)
Long poem detailing the travails, mostly emotional, of the last man.
Keywords: Male author

"The Political Pilgrim's Progress" - [Thomas] [Doubleday] (1790-1870) (Northern Liberator, 1839)
An allegory in which Radical makes his way with his family from the City of Plunder to the City of Reform. While meeting much opposition and overcoming many temptations, he arrives in the City of Reform, which has no direct taxes, no professional politicians, no standing army, and no distinctions between rich and poor. It has a citizen's militia and requires its men aged 20 to 50 to be armed both physically and morally.
Rpt. with illustrations as The Political Pilgrim's Progress. From the Northern Liberator. Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, Eng.: Ptd. at the Northern Liberator Office by John Bell, 1839; and in Chartist Fiction. Thomas Doubleday, The Political Pilgrim's Progress. Thomas Martin Wheeler, Sunshine and Shadow. Ed. Ian Haywood (Aldershot, Eng.: Ashgate, 1999), 17-59 with "Editor's Notes (59-63).
Keywords: English author; Male author

The Revolution in the Mind and Practice of the Human Race, or the Coming Change from Irrationality to Rationality - Robert Owen (1771-1858) (Effingham Wilson, 1839)
A statement of the elements of and argument for Owen's eutopia. See also 1813, 1830, 1841, 1843, 1844, 1846, and 1855 (2) Owen.
Keywords: Male author; Scottish author; Welsh author

"The Atlantis: A Southern World,--Or a Wonderful Continent,--Discovered in the Great Southern Ocean, and Supposed to be The Atlantis of Plato, or The Terra Australis Incognita of Dr. Swift, During a Voyage Conducted by Alonzo Pinzon Commander of The American Metal Ship Astrea" - Peter Prospero L.L.D. [pseud?] (The American Museum of Science, Literature and the Arts (Baltimore, MD), 1838)
Eutopia. Describes the city of Saturnia, the capital city of Atlantis, which appears to be a middle ground between this life and Heaven. Emperors like Nero and Tiberius are porters and servants here, as are similarly behaved Cardinals, Bishops, and other "great men". Others, better men, like Benjamin Franklin live, converse, and continue their work in the arts and sciences. Very few are married to those they were married to in their previous lives. The government is similar to that of the U.S., and George Washington is President. Mostly presented through conversations among the great and good of the past and with the contemporary visitor, who asks them questions about their works.

"Cassandra in Ireland;" or, "'Tis Sixty Years'-----to Come" (The Dublin University Magazine, 1838)
Satire on Irish and British politics and policies written from a Protestant perspective bewailing the dominance of the British Isles by Catholics. Includes a debate on absentee landlords in Ireland. Problematic technology such as a malfunctioning "steam-valet" and an education system that is trying to make everything simpler.
Keywords: Irish author

A Contrast between the new moral world and the old immoral world. A Lecture Delivered in the Social Institution, Salford - Robert Cooper (1819-68) (Published by A. Heywood, Ptd. for William Chapwick, 1838)
Depicts a eutopia based on the ideas of Robert Owen (1771-1858). Combines the advantages of city life and country life. Equality with age the only distinction among people.
Rpt. in Owenite Socialism: Pamphlets and Correspondence. 10 vols. Ed. Gregory Claeys (London: Routledge, 2005), 5: 29-41.
Keywords: Male author

The Orphan's Isle; A Tale for Youth. Founded on Facts - Charles Wall (Wm. S. Orr, 1838)
Robinsonade in which a family with small children are shipwreck on an island in the South Pacific. The parents both die, and the children live successfully until rescued.
Keywords: Male author

Oxford in 1888, A Fragmentary Dream - [Richard] [Walker] (Henry Slatter, 1838)
Eutopia describing a dream of a future Oxford, complete with town plans.
Keywords: Male author

A Sequel to the Peopling of Utopia; or, the Sufficiency of Socialism for Human Happiness: Being a Further Comparison of the Social and Radical Schemes - Samuel Bower (Ptd. for C. Wilkinson, 1838)
Short sequel to a political pamphlet The Peopling of Utopia; or The Sufficiency of Socialism for Human Happiness: Being a Comparison of the Social and Radical Schemes. Bradford, Eng.: Ptd. for C. Willkinson, 1838. Both detail the advantages of communal life, but A Sequel is presented as a eutopia.
Rpt. in Owenite Socialism: Pamphlets and Correspondence. 10 vols. Ed. Gregory Claeys (London: Routledge, 2005), 5: 16-28.
Keywords: Male author

A World of Wonders; Or Divers Developments, Showing the Thorough Triumph of Animal Magnetism in New England. Illustrated by the Power of Prevision in Mrs. Matilda Fox, and the Point of the Pencil, by D.C. Johnston - Joel R. Peabody M.B. Fellow of the College of ‘Pothecaries (Robert S. Davis, 1838)
The Moon, Saturn, Jupiter, and the Sun are visited. Some utopias on other planets, including a Cockaigne on the sun. The moon is inhabited by strange creatures who live in social groups, Saturn is depicted as a eutopia with nine great cities, with all homes a quarter mile high. The people wear few clothes and are vegetarian. Jupiter is a planet early in its evolution. Reference is made to a second volume, but none exists.
2nd and 3rd eds. Boston, MA: Robert S. Davis, 1838.
Keywords: Male author

Account of an Expedition to the Interior of New Holland - [Richard] [Whately] (1787-1863) (Richard Bentley, 1837)
A reformed social and political system set in a eutopia founded by Europeans in the interior of Australia, where one of the eleven states of a federal union is called Eutopia, defined as a fine place. Fairly conservative. Constant reference to not being like the savages, but local Aborigines have been educated, and there has been some blending of the two groups. There are both personal and property votes. Must have basic education to vote and get additional votes for public service and personal qualifications, with three extra votes for intelligence. Religious toleration.
Rpt. in Modern British Utopias 1700-1850. Ed. Gregory Claeys. 8 vols. London: Pickering & Chatto, 1997. 7: 251-348. 2nd ed. London: Richard Bentley, 1849. 3rd ed. rev. as The Southlanders. An Account of an Expedition to the Interior of New Holland. London: John W. Parker & Son, 1860. The revisions are minor except for the addition of a poem on Australia, "The Land of Contrarieties" (215-16)
Keywords: Irish author; Male author

"Community: A Vision" - Rev. Joseph Marriott (The New Moral World, And Manual of Science, 1837)
Communal eutopia. Status and gender equality. Much use of machinery to save labor. Temperance but not prohibition. Children taught as they undertake easy work. The first installment in The New Moral World has a note appended saying "A vision we hope to see realized shortly.--Ed." See also his A Catechism of Circumstances; or, the Foundation Stone of a Community. Manchester, Eng.: A. Heywood, 1840. 2nd ed. Salford, Eng.: Published by the “Association of All Classes of All Nations”/Manchester, Eng.: A. Heywood/London: Wakelin/London: Hetherington, [1841]. 8 pp. NN. The Catechism explicitly follows the position of Robert Owen (1771-1858).
Rpt. as Community: A Drama. Manchester, Eng.: A. Heywood/London: Wakelin, [1838]
Keywords: Male author

Eureka: A Prophecy of the Future - [Robert Folkestone] [Williams] (Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longman, 1837)
Mostly adventure, but volume two includes a description of a number of fictional countries, including one named Athenia that has eutopian elements such as goods distributed on the basis of contributions to the country. England has degenerated because it is overrun by the inferior Irish.
Keywords: Male author

"An Island" - Elizabeth Barrett Browning (1806-61) (New Monthly Magazine and Humourist, 1837)
Poem describing an idyllic island.
Rpt. in her The Seraphim and Other Poems (London: Saunders and Otley, 1838), 185-88; and in The Complete Poetical Works of Elizabeth Barrett Browning (Boston, MA: Houghton, Mifflin, 1900), 32-34.
Keywords: English author; Female author

L.... A... T... to his fellow citizens of the United States of America; and Through Their Medium, To All His Other Human Beings on Earth, Not Any Where Else! - Louis Anastasius Tarascon (1759-1840) (H. D. Robinson, 1837)
Eutopia. Argues that an intentional community to be called Startspoint should be founded on the Upper Mississippi (called the Missouri in the text), and presents detailed regulations of life in it, including the structure and rules of the community (Magazine of History 23-32), and a description of the daily life (32-37), which is very organized and highly structured. Later communities further West will be established called, in order, Union and Perfection. Earlier the author had published L. A. Tarascon, To His Friends, &c. &c. &c. Louisville, KY: Np, 1836. 14 pp., which suggests the establishment such a community but without any social details. See also his 1836 Republican Education, the 2nd ed. of which is printed in this book.
Rpt. in Magazine of History With Notes and Queries (New York), no. 148 (1929): 5-42.
Keywords: French author; Male author; US author

"A Journey to the Moon" (Adventures in the Moon, and Other Worlds, 1836)
Satire on human foibles set on the moon, which is where all things lost on Earth go, including time and virtues and vices.

“Original Communications. First Impressions of America. By an Inhabitant of the Moon [pseud.]” - X. O. Z. [pseud.] (The New-York Mirror: A Weekly Journal, Devoted to Literature and the Fine Arts, 1836)
Satire on the U.S. at the time, the inhabitants of which are compared to savages on the moon. Particularly criticizes the habit of living close together in highly inflammable buildings.

The Partisan Leader. A Tale of the Future - [Nathaniel Beverley] [Tucker] (1784-1851) ([Duff Green], 1836)
Rpt. as by Beverley Tucker of Virginia. The Partisan Leader. Secretly Printed in Washington (in the year 1836) by Duff Green, for Circulation in the Southern States [A Key to the Disunion Conspiracy at the head of the title]. 2 vols. New York: Rudd & Carleton, 1861; reissued as 2 vols. in 1 in 1861; rpt. Richmond, VA: West and Johnson, 1862; rpt. as The Partisan Leader. Ed. Carl Bridenbaugh. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1933, with a “Preface” (vii) and an “Introduction” (ix-xxxiv), and “Notes” (275-77) by the editor; and as The Partisan Leader. Secretly Printed in Washington (in the year 1836) by Duff Green, for Circulation in the Southern States but Afterwards Suppressed [A Key to the Disunion Conspiracy at the head of the title]. Upper Saddle River, NJ: The Gregg Press, 1968, with a brief biography of Tucker (unpaged); and from the 3rd impression of the as by Nathaniel Beverley Tucker. The Partisan Leader: A Tale of the Future. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1971 with an “Introduction” (vii-xxiii) by C. Hugh Holman.
Keywords: Male author; US author

Plan of a Constitution For the Inhabitants of the Indian Coast, In Central America, Commonly Called the Mosquito Shore - [Gregor] [Macgregor?] (Ptd. by Balfour and Jack, 1836)
Eutopia. Detailed constitution of the "Commonwealth of Indialand" beginning with a declaration of rights (6-13) and laying out the "Form of Government" (14-34), including national, regional, and local government.

Republican Education, and Gradual Western March, of Enlightened, Laborious, Virtuous, and Happy Generations, from All the Present and Future United Sates and Territories of North America Through Their Rocky Mountains, To Their North-West Coasts on the Pacific Ocean; whence, in time, Further On--The Only Means, Not Only of Extending Knowledge and Happiness All Around the Whole Earth, but, the Only One, Also, of Maintaining Their Union: nay, more, the Only One of Maintaining Any One of Their Republics - Louis Anastasius Tarascon (1759-1840) (Ptd. S. Penn, Jr., 1836)
A detailed description of the settlements he hopes will be established with a stress on education (15-16) and a description of “Regular Daily Life” (16-23). See also 1837 Tarascon, which reprints the 2nd ed. of this book. The author was born in France and moved to the U.S. in 1794, where he became a successful businessman.
2nd ed. rpt. in his L.... A... T... to his fellow citizens of the United States of America; and Through Their Medium, To All His Other Human Beings on Earth, Not Any Where Else! New York: H.D. Robinson. Rpt. in Magazine of History With Notes and Queries (New York), no. 148 (1929): 5-42.
Keywords: French author; Male author; US author

"Three Hundred Years Hence" - [Mary] [Griffith] (1800?-46) (Camperdown; or, News from Our Neighborhood: Being Sketches, 1836)
Eutopia. A strict, reformed society brought about by the economic equality of women. Technologically advanced. Clergy hired for life and in most jobs and professions people remain rather than move for advancement or more money. Literature censured.
Rpt. under the title of the utopia Philadelphia, PA: Prime Press, 1950; [Rpt. Boston, MA: Gregg Press, 1975], with an “Introduction” by Nelson F. Adkins rev. from its original publication as “An Early American Story of Utopia.” Colophon, ns 1 (July 1935): 123-32; rpt. from the original in American Utopias: Selected Short Fiction. Ed. Arthur O. Lewis, Jr. New York: Arno Press and The New York Times, 1971. All items separately paged; and in Daring To Dream: Utopian Stories by United States Women, 1836-1919. Ed. Carol Farley Kessler (London: Pandora Press, 1984), 31-48 with an editor’s note on 29-30. The Prime Press ed. has many typographical errors.
Keywords: Female author; US author

"1980" - H[enry] H[urry] Goodeve (1807-84) (Bengal Annual; A Literary Keepsake for 1835, 1835)
Technological utopia set in India with women serving in Parliament and limited racial equality for the wealthy.
Rpt. in Science Fiction in Colonial India, 1835-1905: Five Tales of Speculative Fiction and Resistance. Ed. Mary Ellis Gibson (London: Anthem Press, 2019), 85-108, with an editor’s introduction on 77-83.
Keywords: English author; Indian author; Male author

“A Journal of Forty-Eight Hours in the Year 1945” - Kylas Chunder Dutt (1817-59) (Calcutta Literary Gazette, or Journal of Belles Lettres, Science, and the Arts, 1835)
Dystopia in which the “British Barbarians” suppress a revolt.
Rpt. in Wasafiri (India) 21.3 (November 2006): 15-20; in Selections from ‘Bengaliana’. Ed. Alex Tickell (Manchester, Eng: Trent Editions, 2005), 149-59, with a Glossary on 164-38; and in Science Fiction in Colonial India, 1835-1905: Five Tales of Speculative Fiction and Resistance. Ed. Mary Ellis Gibson (London: Anthem Press, 2019), 115-26, with an editor’s introduction on 109-14.
Keywords: Indian author; Male author

“The Junction of the Ocean. A Tale of the Year 2098” - Henry Meredith Parker (1796-1868) (Bengal Annual; A Literary Keepsake for 1835, 1835)
Disaster/dystopian story told by a survivor. The construction of the Panama Canal produces a massive flood when the two oceans come together, ultimately inundating most of the world.
Rev. in the author’s Bole Ponjis, Containing the Tale of the Buccaneer; A Bottle of Red Ink; The Decline and Fall of Ghosts; and Other Ingredients. 2. vols. (London/Calcutta, India: W. Thacker & Co., 1851), 1: 132-215. https://archive.org/details/boleponjisconta01parkgoog/page/n2/mode/1up; rpt. in Science Fiction in Colonial India, 1835-1905: Five Tales of Speculative Fiction and Resistance. Ed. Mary Ellis Gibson (London: Anthem Press, 2019), 38-75, with an editor’s introduction on 29-37.
Keywords: English author; Indian author; Male author

The Monikins - [James Fenimore] [Cooper] (1789-1851) (Carey, Lea and Blanchard, 1835)
Utopian satire using a society of monkeys to comment on human foibles.
Rpt. in 1 vol. ed. James S. Hedges. Albany, NY: New College and University Press, 1990.
Keywords: Male author; US author

“Original Unwritten Editorials. The Year Three Thousand; or, Fragments from the Twenty-One Hundred and Fifty Second Volume of the New-York Mirror” - V. E. P. U. P. [pseud.] (The New-York Mirror: A Weekly Journal, Devoted to Literature and the Fine Arts, 1835)
Reports of events, mostly social from the year 3000. Elements of a technological eutopia. War has ended as the result of a weapon that can easily annihilate either side. Naples, which had been destroyed by an eruption of Vesuvius, has been excavated by archaeologists. New York City has a population of ten and a half million. The U.S. produces literature much better than the classics or Shakespeare.

A Sojourn in the City of Amalgamation in the Year of our Lord 19-- - Oliver Bolokitten, Esq. [pseud.] (Author, 1835)
Racist dystopia.
Keywords: US author

“The Year Three Thousand; or Fragments from the Twenty-One Hundred and Fifty-Second Volume of the New-York Mirror” (The New York Mirror, 1835)
Technological eutopia.

The Doctor &c. - Robert Southey (1774-1843) (Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, 1834)
Chapter CCXLI describes the doctor’s utopia, called Columbia, which is a monarchy with an aristocracy and a Parliament elected by universal (male) suffrage.
Keywords: English author; Male author

Hampden in the Nineteenth Century; or, Colloquies on the Errors and Improvement of Society - [John Minter] [Morgan] (1782-1854) (Edward Moxon, 1834)
Vol. 1 includes a cooperative eutopia among the remnants of the Incas (344-61). Vol. 2 includes material on Thomas More (1478-1535) in Chap. II, Robert Owen (1771-1858) in Chap. IV, and William Thompson (1775-1833) in Chap. X. The Appendix (354-431) includes material from Abram Combe (1785-1827), Robert Owen, and others. See also Colloquies on Religion and Religious Education: Being a Supplement to "Hampton in the Nineteenth Century". London: Moxon, 1837, which is not utopian but supplements the discussion in the earlier volume.
Keywords: English author; Male author

The United Worlds: A Poem in Fifty Seven Books - [General] [Nathaniel] [King] (1767-1848) (Printed for the Proprietor. Smith Press, 1834)
On the first page, the author says, “The writer of this poem aims at the moral improvement of the reader. Chiefly he would inculcate the love of civil and religious liberty,--of justice,--of peace and mercy,--of temperance. These virtues cannot come single. He would also encourage public enterprise--ardor in undertaking, and perseverance in accomplishing.” Using the theory of John Cleves Symmes (1780-1829), the interior of the Earth immediately under America consists of six concentric Orbs that have been linked by roads and bridges and has a democratically elected government with representatives from each Orb. It is inhabited by peaceful people descended from Noah who have advanced technology based on advanced steam technology, including giant machines “in the form of man” called Androides (34-35). The capitol, Golden City, is located directly under corrupt New York. The Subterraneans meet with a Christian missionary and are converted. They meet in a great conclave and conclude that they should bring peace to the surface. They meet in Washington and an agreement is reached, which is then undermined by a group of conspirators. War follows, which the Subterraneans win. Delegates from all nations and regions of the surface convene and adopt a Constitution for the United Worlds that includes two legislative branches and an elective Chief with no veto. No despotism, no slavery. “Peace, truth, right, temperance, pureness, mercy’s reign/These the world’s order that the law sustain” (248). The Copy of the book at the University of Virginia is from the granddaughter of Nathaniel King and is inscribed as from grandfather.
Keywords: Male author; US author

"Lotos-Eaters" - Alfred Tennyson (1809-92) (Poems, 1833)
Sailors are shipwrecked on an island that is a simple eutopia where all needs are easily met, but the implication is that such a life is ultimately not a good one.
Substantially rev. in his Poems. 2 vols. (London: Edward Moxon, 1842), 1: 175-84. U.S. ed. Boston, MA: William D. Ticknor, 1842), 1: 175-84. Critical ed. in The Poems of Tennyson in three volumes. Second Edition Incorporating the Trinity College Manuscript. Ed. Christopher Ricks (London: Longman 1987), I: 468-77, with an introductory note (467-68) and textual notes as footnotes; and in Tennyson’s Poetry. 2nd ed. Ed. Robert W. Hill, Jr. (New York: W.W. Norton, 1999), 76-80.
Keywords: English author; Male author

"Marriage As It Ought To Be" - Robert Owen (1771-1858) (The New Moral World (London), 1833)
Extract from an 1833 lecture on how marriage will be reformed in an Owenite society with marriage based only on mutual attraction and divorce easy if both parties request it. If only one does, they have to live together for six months more. Children, being raised communally, will not be affected. See also 1813, 1830, 1839, 1841, 1843, 1844, 1846, and 1855 (2).
Keywords: Male author; Scottish author; Welsh author

The Paradise within Reach of All Men, without Labour, by Powers of Nature and Machinery. An Address To All Intelligent Men. In Two Parts - J[ohn] A[dolphus] Etzler (1791?-1846?) (Etzler and Reinhold, 1833)
The basic work of Etzler's many depicting eutopia through technology but that include descriptions of the better life that will be achieved through the use of the technology. There is considerable description of the technology involved, including wind, tidal, wave, and solar power. On the technology, see also his The New World or Mechanical System, To Perform the Labours of Man and Beast by Inanimate Powers, That Cost Nothing, for Producing and Preparing the Substance of Life. With Plates. Philadelphia, PA: C.F. Stollmeyer, 1841. Rpt. in The Collected Works of John Adophus Etzler. Delmar, NY: Scholars' Facsimiles & Reprints, 1977; and Description of the Naval Automation, Invented by J.A. Etzler and Patented in American and Europe. Philadelphia, PA: Ptd. by Gihon and Fairchild, [1841/42?]. Rpt. in The Collected Works of John Adophus Etzler. Delmar, NY: Scholars' Facsimiles & Reprints, 1977. See also 1843 and 1844 (2) Etzler.
Rpt. in The Collected Works of John Adolphus Etzler. Delmar, NY: Scholars' Facsimiles & Reprints, 1977. Items separately paged. U.K. ed. London: J. Brooks, 1836. 2nd English ed. London: Ptd. by and pub. by J. Cleave, 1842.
Keywords: German author; Male author; US author

"On the Utility of Knowledge in Relation to a Future World" - Thomas Dick, LL.D. (1774-1857) (On the Improvement of Society by the Diffusion of Knowledge: or An Illustration of the Advantages Which Would Result from a More General Dissemination of Rational and Scientific Information Among All Ranks, 1833)
A brief description of Heaven as a eutopia and how to prepare for life there. See also his The Philosophy of a Future State. Glasgow, Scot.: Ptd. for William Collins, 1828, which is included, separately paged, in volume I of The Complete Works of Thomas Dick, LL.D. Original rpt. New York: Solomon King, 1831. New ed. Glasgow, Scot.: William Collins, [1840].
Rpt. (Glasgow, Scot.: William Collins, 1862), 211-22; and St. Louis, MO: Edwards & Bushnell, 1854), 108-13, which is included, separately paged, in vol. 1 of The Complete Works of Thomas Dick, LL.D. Containing An Essay on the Improvement of Society: The Philosophy of a Future State: The Philosophy of Religion: The Christian Philosopher; or, The Connection of Science and Philosophy With Religion, Mental Illumination and Moral Improvement of Mankind. Eleven Volumes in Two. Vol. I. St. Louis, MO: Edwards & Bushnell, 1854. There are other editions and reprints.
Keywords: Male author; Scottish author

“Australia Advanced: or Dialogues for the Year 3072” - Mephistopheles the Younger [pseud.] (Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser, 1832)
The advances are mostly technological, although from our perspective even the technological changes seem quite limited. Speed of travel by ship is mentioned often. There is a suspension bridge between Dover and Calais. Relatively little social change. For example, Australia remains a colony and is supporting Britain in its war with China. Australia’s population has grown significantly, but there is no mention of significant expansion beyond the East Coast. The Aboriginal population has died out around Sydney, but still exists to the North.

A Legend of Another World (Sampson Low and J. Maynard, 1832)
A retelling of the history of Earth set on Venus, much of it in the Biblical version with all of its eutopian and dystopian elements.

Monadelphia; or, The Formation of a New System of Society, without the intervention of a Circulating Medium - J[ohn] Thimbleby (Ptd. for the Author, and W. Baldock, and W. Ford, 1832)
Monadelphia means a single brotherhood. Mostly an essay, but there is a description of a model town for 6000 people and the conclusion shows the eutopia in operation (64-70/Claeys 185-90). There is no money and no individual property. All goods are freely taken to and from a central warehouse. See also his A Lecture on the Currency, In Which Is Explained the Represented Time Note Medium of Exchange, in Connection With a Universal System of Banking; Delivered at the Barnet Institute. London: Willoughby & Co., [1850]; A Lecture Upon the Science of Labour, In Which Is Explained a Time Note Currency, Based on a National Banking System For All Classes Delivered at the Barnet Institute. London: Ptd. for Jackson and Keeson, 1857; and "What Is Money" or Man's Birthright "Time," The Only Real Wealth; Its Representative Forming the True Medium of Exchange. London: Effingham Wilson, [1849?], all of which suggest time notes.
Rpt. in Cooperative Communities: Plans and Descriptions. Eleven Pamphlets 1825-1847. New York: Arno Press, 1977. Items separately paged; and in Owenite Socialism: Pamphlets and Correspondence. 10 vols. Ed. Gregory Claeys (London: Routledge, 2005), 4: 162-90.
Keywords: Male author

"Seventy Years Hence, or Morning Amusements of a Gentleman in the Year 2002" (Asmodeus; or, The Devil in London, 1832)
Satire. Mostly technological advances based on steam power. Higher education is widespread, but there are still servants, both human and mechanical. British nobility has moved to the U.S. and gone into business. Newspapers every fifteen minutes. Human winged flight.

"Another Glimpse of the Future" - Salem [pseud.] (Illinois Monthly Magazine (Vandalia, IL), 1831)
Critique of 1830 Bluffdale that says the dystopian aspects of his future did not happen by showing Alton, Illinois, 300 years in the future when it is a large city. Focus on a large building with lecture halls, art galleries, a museum, and observatories. There are still rich and poor, but everyone was adequately clothed, fed, and housed. Pervasive religion with a wide range of denominations and a place of worship for every thousand inhabitants plus other places where people met. Stress on cleanliness, simplicity, and order.

"Decline and Fall of the British Empire" - An Australian Statesman, in the Year 2377 [pseud.] (Scenes of Life and Shades of Character, 1831)
Britain became dependent on foreigners, lost its colonies, and is defeated in a war. All this is caused by the philosophers.

Great Britain in 1841; or, The Results of the Reform Bill (Roake and Varty, 1831)
Dystopia as a result of passing the Reform Act of 1832 that gave more representation in the House of Commons to cities and increased the size of the electorate. In the future religion is under attack.
2nd ed. London: Roake and Varty, 1831, which is rpt. in Modern British Utopias 1700-1850. Ed. Gregory Claeys. 8 vols. (London: Pickering & Chatto, 1997), 7: 235-49.

The Social System: A Treatise on the Principle of Exchange - John Gray (1799-1833) (William Tait, 1831)
Includes part of a chapter (30-39) detailing a new economic system.
Rpt. New York: Augustus M. Kelley, 1973.
Keywords: Male author

The Temple of Melekartha - [Isaac] [Taylor] (Holdsworth and Ball, 1831)
Mostly romance and adventure. Two partial utopias are described. In one a wise ruler ensures sufficiency for all for both their working life and their old age. In the other, the City of Sages, an institution of the wise with no teaching is described.
Keywords: Male author

Description of an Architectural Model from a Design by Stedman Whitwell, Esq. for a Community Upon a Principle of United Interests as Advocated by Robert Owen, Esq. - [Thomas] Stedman Whitwell (1784-1840) (Hurst Chance & Co. and Effingham Wilson, 1830)
Description of a proposed community based on the ideas of Robert Owen (1771-1858) with some supporting essays. A large picture was drawn of the proposed community and may be seen at The Goldsmith’s Library, London University.
Rpt. in Cooperative Communities: Plans and Descriptions. Eleven Pamphlets 1825-1847. New York: Arno Press, 1972. Items separately paged.
Keywords: English author; Male author

"A Dialogue for the Year 2130, Extracted from the Album of a Modern Sibyl" - [Thomas Henry] [Lister] (1800-42) (The Keepsake for MDCCCXXX, 1830)
Satire on technology and colonialism. A future Britain with deep class divisions. Overeducated poor. Written as a play.
Keywords: English author; Male author

Five Hundred Years Hence (Ferret, 1830)
Satire on future technology with elements of a technological eutopia. Balloons are the dominant means of transportation, including trips to an inhabited moon. Weather control. No disease. Infallible justice provided by machines.

"London in a Thousand Years" - Eugenius Roche Esq. (1798-1829) (London in a Thousand Years; With other Poems, 1830)
Dystopia. While the poem begins with an almost eutopian description of London, it quickly becomes a description of London's disintegration and collapse.
Keywords: English author; French author; Irish author; Male author

The New Covenant Between God and His People; or, The Hebrew Constitution and Charter, with the Statutes and Ordinances, the Laws and Regulations, and Commands and Covenants - [Richard] Brothers (1757-1824) (Ptd. by A. Snell for Mr. Finleyson, 1830)
Eutopia. Very detailed constitution. See also 1801 Brothers, his A Revealed Knowledge of the Prophecies & Times. Book the First. Wrote under the direction of the Lord God, and Published by his Sacred Command: It Being the First Sign of Warning for the Benefit of all Nations. Containing, with other Great and Remarkable Things, Not Revealed by any other Person on Earth, the Restoration of the Hebrews to Jerusalem, by the Year of 1798: Under their Revealed Prince and Prophet. London: Np, 1794. The second part has the separate title page A Revealed Knowledge of the Prophecies & Times particularly of the present time, the present war, and the prophecy now fulfilling. The Year of the World 5913. Book the Second. Containing, with other Great and Remarkable Things, Not Revealed by any other Person on Earth, the sudden and perpetual fall of the Turkish, German, and Russian Empires, Wrote under the direction of the Lord God, and Published by his Sacred Command: It Being the Second Sign of Warning for the Benefit of all Nations. By the Man that will be revealed to the Hebrews as their Prince and Prophet. London: Np, 1794; and A Letter from Mr. Brothers to Miss Cott, the recorded daughter of David, and future queen of the Hebrews. With an Address to the Members of His Brintannic Majesty’s Council and through them to all governments and people on Earth. London: G. Riebau/Edinburgh, Scot.: Rpt by J. Robertson, 1798.
Keywords: English author; Male author

A New society, called the Self-Examining Society (1830)
Satire on intentional communities and social reform including a constitution of twelve articles. In the proposed society, each person will examine their own faults rather than the faults of others.

Outline of the Rational System of Society, Founded On Demonstrable Facts Developing the Constitution and Laws of Human Nature; Being the only Effectual Remedy For the Evils Experienced By the Population Of the World: The Immediate Adoption of Which Would Tranquilize the Present Agitated State Of Society, And Relieve It From Moral and Physical Evil, By Removing the Causes Which Produce Them - Robert Owen (1771-1858) (Bradbury and Evans, Printer, 1830)
Detailed outline of Owen's eutopia. Includes "A General Constitution of Government, and Universal Code of Laws" (207-210) which differs from the text under the same title in 1844 Owen. See also 1830, 1839, 1841, 1843, 1844, 1846, and 1855 (2).
Rpt. in Selected Works of Robert Owen. Ed. Gregory Claeys. 4 vols. (London: William Pickering, 1993), 2: 202-11. There are many different versions of this pamphlet with minor variations in the title.
Keywords: Male author; Scottish author; Welsh author

Sequel to Gulliver's Travels. An Eulogy - Lemuel Gulliver, Jr. [pseud.] (J. Jaques, 1830)
Discourse on religion presented as a sequel to the Yahoo section of Swift's Gulliver's Travels (1726). Much satire. Argument for Roman Catholicism.
Rpt. in Modern British Utopias 1700-1850. Ed. Gregory Claeys. 8 vols. (London: Pickering & Chatto, 1997), 7: 223-33.

"Three Hundred Years Hence" - Bluffdale [pseud.] (Illinois Monthly Magazine (Vandalia, IL), 1830)
What initially appears to be a eutopia turns out to be only good for some. St. Louis is a prosperous, important city, but its prosperity is based on the extreme exploitation of the working class. See also 1831 Salem.

A Voyage to the Island of Philosophers. Part 1st, Containing an account of the Island and its Inhabitants, together with the Incidents which occurred there, during the sojourn of the Writer. Veni, Vidi, Scripsi - Caesario San Blas, Bachelor [pseud.] (np, 1830)
Satire on philosophers in a visit to an isolated island. Diversity of dress and architecture. City moated and walled to keep cattle from disturbing the reflections of the philosophers. Rampant hypochondria. No women or children, and the absence of women is considered essential. At the end the philosophers think that they are threatened by Amazons from another island; it is not clear whether or not they are.
Keywords: US author

A Letter from Sydney, the Principal Town of Australasia. Together with the Outline of a System of colonization - [Edward Gibbon] [Wakefield] (1796-1862) (Joseph Cross/Simpkin and Marshall/Effingham Wilson, 1829)
Some damning of the settlement process, particularly convict labor and the quality of some of the other immigrants. Shows the difficulty of working the land. Objections to the provincialism of the politics. But he sees Australia with a positive future, an “extension of Britain” that could be settled by young men and women, sent in equal numbers, which would reduce what he saw as the too-rapid growth of the population in Britain. Treated as a eutopia in Matthew Graves and Elizabeth Rechniewski. “Essays for an Empty Land: Australia as Political Utopia.” Cultures of the Commonwealth 17 (Winter 2010-2011): 37-51.
Keywords: English author; Male author

The History of Bullanabee and Clinkataboo, Two Recently Discovered Islands in the Pacific (Ptd. for Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green, 1828)
Eutopia set on islands off the coast of Japan. Parallels the religious history of Britain and includes much satire on religion. Patriarchal. All servants are women and men and women do not do the same work. Families are close, and all education is within the family. No man speaks to a woman of another family in public unless male members of her family are present. Written laws. Education in the home.
Rpt. in Modern British Utopias 1700-1850. Ed. Gregory Claeys. 8 vols. (London: Pickering & Chatto, 1997), 7: 71-157.

The Humours of Eutopia. A Tale of Colonial Times - [Ezekial] [Sanford] (Carey, Lea and Carey, 1828)
Includes a small section (1: 18-41) on an ideal religious community.
Keywords: Male author; US author

The New Political Economy, of the Honey-Bee - [Harriet?] [Grover] (Ptd. and Pub. for the Author by W.C. Featherstone, 1828)
Satire on capitalist bees and an argument for the need work workers to unite.
Keywords: Female author

A New Theory of Moral and Social Reform; Founded on the Principal and Most General Facts of Human Nature. Or Essays, To Establish a Universal Criterion of Moral Truth, That Shall Be Intelligible and Practicable Alike To Every Individual, and to Found Thereon a Plan of Voluntary Association and Order, Calculated to Secure Equal Benefits, As Well As "Equal Rights," To Every Member of Society, Without the Aid of Either Priestly or Political Government - Friend of the Utmost Reform, in the Mean Time, To the Representative System of Government [pseud.] (Ptd. for Effingham Wilson, 1828)
The main text outlines the principles on which reform should be based. The appended text proposes a specific form of community based on equality, but the details are vague. Those interested are directed to contact the author through the publisher.

Practical Moral and Political Economy; or, the Government, Religion, and Institutions, Most Conducive to Individual Happiness and To National Power - T[homas] R[owe] Edmonds (1803-89) (Effingham Wilson, 1828)
Includes a short section (270-82) on the founding of a eutopia on an island based on the principles presented in the book. Emphasis on equality, particularly equal administration of justice, division of labor, and "gregariousness." Mentions the need to control population and suggests a parliament for children.
Keywords: English author; Male author

The Voyage of Captain Popanilla - [Benjamin] [Disraeli] (1804-81) (Henry Colburn, 1828)
Imaginary voyage to contemporary England (heavily satirized). Starts from a eutopia on a South Seas island with complete sexual freedom. Parts of the novel derive from his first, unpublished novel "Aylmer Paillon".
Rpt. in his Alroy, Popanilla, Count Alarcos (London: John Lane, The Bodley Head, 1906), 361-494; as “Popanilla.” In Popanilla and Other Tales. Vol. 3 of The Bradenham Edition of the Novels and Tales of Benjamin Disraeli, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield (London: Peter Davies, 1926), 1-107; and rpt. from The Novels and Tales of Lord Beaconsfield (London: Longmans, Green, 1881), 4: 363-463 in Modern British Utopias 1700-1850. Ed. Gregory Claeys. 8 vols. (London: Pickering & Chatto, 1997), 7: 1-70. A new ed. as The Voyage of Captain Popanilla to the glorious island of Vraibleusia, the wonderful city of Hubbabub, and the peaceable isle of Blunderland. With illustrations from drawings by Daniel Maclise. London: Henry Colburn, 1829. U.S. ed. as The Voyage of Captain Popanilla. Philadelphia, PA: Carey, Lea and Carey, 1828.
Keywords: English author; Male author

The Course of Time, A Poem, in Ten Books. To Which are Prefixed a Brief Memoir of the Author, an Analysis of the Poem, and an Index to the Principle Passages, Sentiments, or Descriptions. By Rev. William Jenks, D.D. - Robert Pollok, A.M. (1798-1827) (William Blackwood/Thomas Cadell, 1827)
Book length poem on Biblical themes including the apocalypse and the return of Christ. The poem describes the history of humankind from a Biblical perspective from the Creation through the final division between saved and damned. About mid-way (end of Book V) is a description of the millennium. Church and state are separated, and the state has righteous leaders. The Jews have returned to a restored Jerusalem. No disease. No war. Abundance. No crime. Animals no longer in conflict with each other or humans.
3rd American from 3rd Edinburgh ed. Boston, MA: Crocker and Brewster/New York: Jonathan Leavitt/ Philadelphia, PA: John Grigg/Baltimore, MD/Cushing and Jewett, 1828. At least 25 editions were published.
Keywords: Male author; Scottish author

The Mummy! A Tale of the Twenty-second Century - [Jane] [Webb] (1807?-58) (Henry Colburn, 1827)
Eutopia and satire. Much technical advancement. Female absolute monarch. The Roman Catholic church is the established church. Universal education has led to simple speaking by the upper classes and affected speech by the lower classes.
2nd ed. as by Mrs. Loudon. London: Henry Colburn, 1828. Another ed. as by Mrs. Loudon. London: Frederick Warne, [1872]. Another ed. as by Jane (Webb) Loudon abr. by Alan Rauch. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1994. Critical ed. as by Jane Webb Loudon. Ed. Nickianne Moody and Andy Sawyer. Brighton, Eng.: EER/Edward Everett Root Publishers, [2022], with “A Note on the Text” (vii), “Preface: ‘A Strange, Wild Novel’: Jane Webb Loudon and The Mummy!” By Nickianne Moody and Andy Sawyer (viii-xix), “Endnotes” (336-49), “Sources of The Mummy: An encyclopedia of the future” (352-60), “Textual Change (361-424), and “John Claudius Loudon’s review of The Mummy!” (424-36). © 2021 but published March 2022.
Keywords: English author; Female author

Sketch of a Journey Through The Western States of North America, From New Orleans, By the Mississippi, Ohio, City of Cincinnati and Falls of Niagara, To New York, In 1827. With a Description of the New and Flourishing City of Cincinnati, By Messrs. B. Drake and E.D. Mansfield. And a Selection from Various Authors, on the Present Condition and Future Prospects of the Settlers, in the Fertile and Populous State of Ohio, Containing Information Useful to Persons Desirous of Settling in America - W[illiam] Bullock (c. 1773-1849) (John Miller, 1827)
Eutopia in that it contains a foldout plan for a proposed Town, to be called Hygeia to be located on the Ohio River in Kentucky.
Rpt. in Vol. 19 of Early Western Travels 1748-1846. A Series of Annotated Reprints of some of the best and rarest contemporary volumes of travel, descriptive of the Aborigines and Social and Economic Conditions in the Middle and Far West, during the Period of Early American Settlement. Ed. Reuben Gold Thwaites (Cleveland, OH: Arthur H. Clark, 1905), 113-54.
Keywords: English author; Male author

"The Unknown Region" - Herbert Trevelyan (Sketches from Oblivion, Being the Remains of Herbert Trevelyan, Esqr, 1827)
Satire. The "unknown region" is Russell Square in London.
Another ed. as by Pierce Shafton, Gent. "The Unknown Region." Vagaries in Quest of the Wild and the Whimsical (London: Ptd. for J. Andrews, 1827), 181-98. L has both names with no clear indication of which is the pseudonym.
Keywords: Male author

A Voyage to the Moon: With Some Account of the Manners and Customs, Science and Philosophy, of the People of Morosofia, and Other Lunarians - George Tucker (1775-1861) (Elam Bliss, 1827)
Mostly satire but includes a eutopia called Okalbia, meaning Happy Valley, that is almost self-sufficient and has little outside contact. People marry young and limit family size to means. Traditional gender roles. See also 1841 Tucker.
Rpt. Boston, MA: Gregg Press, 1975 with a brief “Preface” (vii-ix) by David G. Hartwell and reprinting  (267-94) an anonymous review from the American Quarterly Review (Philadelphia, PA), no. 5 (March 1828): 61-88.
Keywords: Male author; US author

Whitehall; or, the Days of George IV - [William] [Maginn] (1793-1842) (William Marsh, 1827)
Satire on British politics presenting Britain as a completely corrupt dystopia.
Keywords: Irish author; Male author

"The Last Man" - Thomas Hood (Whims and Oddities, In Prose and Verse; With Forty Original Designs, 1826)
A last man dystopia.
Keywords: Male author

The Last Man - [Mary Wollstonecraft] [Shelley] (1797-1851) (Henry Colburn, 1826)
Dystopia of the last man on earth.
Rpt. Ed. Hugh J. Lake. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1965 with an “Introduction” by the editor (vii-xxi); 2nd ed. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1995, with an “Introduction to the Bison Books Edition by Judith Tarr (vii-xi); Ed. Morton D. Paley. Oxford, Eng.: Oxford University Press, 1994 with an editor’s “Introduction” (vii-xxviii) and “Explanatory Notes” (471-79); Ed. Anne McWhir. Peterborough, ON, Canada: Broadview Literary Texts, 1996 with an editor’s “Introduction” (xiii-xli); and as vol. 4 of The Novels and Selected Works of Mary Shelley. Ed. Jane Blumberg with Nora Cook. 8 vols. London: William Pickering, 1996 with an “Introductory Note” (xi-xv) and “Silent Corrections” (366-67). Muriel Spark’s, Child of Light: A Reassessment of Mary Wollstonecraft Shelly. Hadleigh, Eng.: Tower Bridge Publications, 1951 contains an “Appendix--The Last Man--An Abridged Version” (195-230) that summarizes the three volumes. Chapters I-V rpt. in Dystopia Utopia Short Stories: An Anthology of New & Classic Tales (London: Flame Tree Publishing, 2016), 321-71.
Keywords: English author; Female author

"The Man Machine; or, the Pupil of 'Circumstances'" - [James Kirke] [Paulding] (1778-1860) (The Merry Tales of the Three Wise Men of Gotham, 1826)
Dystopia attacking Robert Owen (1771-1858) citing his New View of Society (1813). A cotton mill run on what are described as Owen's principles is designed to treat the "Man Machine", including children, in such a way as to produce the greatest profits for the proprietor. Equality was the rule, and care was provided for children and seniors. Life was machine-like with everyone working long hours and eating and sleeping on schedule. But "human nature" manifested itself in pride and envy. The story then traces other failed attempts to apply Owen's principles. The stories told by the second and third wise men of Gotham, "The Perfection of Reason" (143-233) and "The Perfection of Science" (235-324), present other failed attempts at human betterment.
Keywords: Male author; US author

Revolt of the Bees - John Minter Morgan (1782-1854) (Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green, 1826)
Dystopia followed by a eutopia. Opens with a colony of bees choosing capitalism and degenerating into starvation and war. A eutopia is then presented based on the ideas of Robert Owen (1771-1858), specifically his ideas on the formation of character. Most of the text is taken up with discussion of the ideas. See also J.C. Prince, "The Revolt of the Bees. Verses Suggested by Reading the Above Work; Presented to Me By My Valued Friend Quintus Hortensius." The New Moral World [6].58 (November 30, 1839): 927-28. See also 1834 and 1845 Morgan. For Owen's eutopias, see 1813, 1831, 1839, 1841, 1844, 1846, and 1855 (2) Owen.
2nd ed. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green, 1828. Rpt. London: Ptd. for Hurst, Chance and Co. and Effingham Wilson, 1830. 3rd ed. London: Longman, Orme, Brown, Green, & Longmans, 1839; rpt. in Modern British Utopias 1700-1850. Ed. Gregory Claeys. 8 vols. (London: Pickering & Chatto, 1997), 6: 309-438
Keywords: English author; Male author

Voyage to Immanuel's Land, in the Ship Hopewell; with an Account of the Many Remarkable Deliverances from Danger; A Description of the Countries Visited; Their Laws, Manners, and Habits; and A Statement of the Advantages of the Celestial Country - [John] [Thornton] (James Nisbet, 1826)
Allegory. Countries visited include Revelling Island, Popish Continent, Fanatics Land, Sceptics Point, etc. Eternal Rest is finally reached.
Keywords: Male author

The Articles of Agreement Drawn Up and Recommended By The London Co-operative Society for the Formation of a Community on Principles of Mutual Co-operation Within Fifty Miles of London. Np: np. Rpt. in John Gray, A Lecture on Human Happiness; Being the first of a Series of Lectures on that Subject. In Which Will Be Comprehended A General Review of the Causes of the Existing Evils of Society, and a Development of Means By Which They May Be Permanently and Effectually Removed. To Which Are Added The Articles of Agreement Drawn Up and Recommended By The London Co-operative Society for the Formation of a Community on Principles of Mutual Co-operation Within Fifty Miles of London (Published by Sherwood, Jones & Co., 1825)
While the text is a proposal for an intentional community, it spells out the government, rules and regulations, positions of women and children, including orphans, guarantees physical and intellectual education, rules regarding employment, amusements, arts, housing, and heath care among other topics.
Rpt. in John Gray, A Lecture on Human Happiness; Being the first of a Series of Lectures on that Subject. In Which Will Be Comprehended A General Review of the Causes of the Existing Evils of Society, and a Development of Means By Which They May Be Permanently and Effectually Removed. To Which Are Added The Articles of Agreement Drawn Up and Recommended By The London Co-operative Society for the Formation of a Community on Principles of Mutual Co-operation Within Fifty Miles of London (London: Published by Sherwood, Jones & Co., 1825), separately paged (1-15); and in Owenite Socialism: Pamphlets and Correspondence. 10 vols. Ed. Gregory Claeys (London: Routledge, 2005), 1: 396-407.

Gulliver's Last Voyage, Describing Ballymugland, or the Floating Island (William Cole, 1825)
Utopian satire in which Lemuel Gulliver of 1726 Swift visits an island floating in the Pacific Ocean and driven by paddle wheels and steered by windmills. A significant part of the satire is directed at the religious control of the people, and women in particular.
2nd ed. London: William Cole, 1825.

Heaven on Earth, or the New Lights of Harmony. An Extravaganza, in Two Acts - Peter Puffem [pseud.] (Np, 1825)
Dystopian satire on the New Harmony community in Indiana founded by Robert Owen (1771-1858).

John Bull in America; or, the New Munchausen - [James Kirke] [Paulding] (1778-1860) (Charles Wiley, 1825)
Satire on the U.S., particularly democracy, which presents the U.S. as a dystopia. See also 1826 Paulding, which is a satire on Robert Owen’s principles.
U.K. ed. London: John Miller, 1825.
Keywords: Male author; US author

The Rebellion of the Beasts; Or, The Ass is Dead! Long Live the Ass!! - [Robert Mackenzie] [Beverley] (1798-1868) (J. & H. L. Hunt, 1825)
Anti-monarchical satire in which animals successfully revolt against human domination.
Rpt. with Leigh Hunt as the author Chicago, IL: Wicker Park Press, 2004.
Keywords: English author; Male author

Travels in Phrenologasto - [John] [Trotter] (1788-1852) (Samuel Smith, 1825)
Eutopia. Society based on phrenology (each person's head is shaved and marked), which ensures that the right person is in the right job. The land is located between Earth and the Moon. The capital is Cranioscoposco.
1829 ed. rpt. in Modern British Utopias 1700-1850. Ed. Gregory Claeys. 8 vols. (London: Pickering & Chatto, 1997), 7: 159-222.
Keywords: Male author

The Vision of Hades, or the Region Inhabited by the Departed Spirits of the Blessed. With Cursory Notes, Theological and Metaphysical. To which is now added, The Vision of Noös (Ptd. for G.B. Whittaker, 1825)
Entirely concerned with religion, but the utopian form is used.

“The Deserted City” - Joseph Bounden (The Deserted City; Eva, A Tale in Two Cantos; and Other Poems, 1824)
Dystopia of a city that has been largely abandoned through defeat brought on by greed and a lack of national feeling.
Keywords: Male author

The Millennial Kingdom of Peace: or a New System of Ecclesiastical Government, by the Holy Ghost and Saints (As Acts. XV. 26.) Where, Note, The Holy Ghost makes all Laws Invisibly! as when, "the Spirit made it seem good to decree," & c. as Acts XVI. 4. XV. 28. Or, as taught herein, That Invisibly, all Laws may be made by God's Spirit, if made invisibly by Saints! but cannot be done by Nations! For, God, our Saviour, promises, when he comes again, "to be glorified in his Saints," not Nations! see Dan. vii. 22. 2 Thes. X. 12. This Work Maintains also, That Such a Work Began in A.D. 1816! And Is to End in A.D. 1866; and Began With the Greeks Invisibly - Ebenezer Kellogg (1789-1846) (Published by the Author, 1824)
Proposal for a eutopia in which the saints will rule. Includes complex calculations on when the millennium will occur and concludes that it will be in 1866. Much criticism of contemporary organized religion saying that it is laymen who will be saved. Long argument that he was inspired by God and angels.
Keywords: Male author; US author

"A Prophetic Account of a Grand National Epic Poem to be entitled 'The Wellingtoniad' and to be published A.D. 2824" - T[homas] M[acauley] (Knight's Quarterly Magazine, 1824)
Satire on colonialism.
Keywords: Male author

Revelations of the Dead-Alive - [John] [Banim] (1798-1842) (W. Simpkin and R. Marshall, 1824)
Satire set in 2083. Primarily concerned with improvements in taste, art, and so forth.
Rpt. as London and its Eccentricities in the Year 2023, or Revelations of the Dead Alive. By the Author of Boyne Water; Anglo Irish, Etc. [pseud.]. London: Simpkin, Marshall and Co. A.K. Newman and Co., 1845.
Keywords: Irish author; Male author

A Treatise on Political Economy: or the true principles of political economy in the form of a romaunt, for the more pleasing accommodation of readers; Explained in a series of letters to Aristippus, from Aristander, perceived in a deep vision. The subject is presumed to be considered upon strict philosophical, mathematical, and geometrical principles - [David] [Stirrat] (Ptd. for the editor, 1824)
Technologically advanced eutopia. City in a series of levels, working from storehouses at the bottom, to homes for workers, to higher levels for higher occupations. Concerned with the desirability of establishing a sinking fund, which is a way of setting aside funds with, at that time, a view to reducing the national debt.
Keywords: Male author

Australasia. A Poem Written for The Chancellor's Medal at the Cambridge Commencement, July, 1823 - W[illiam] C[harles] Wentworth (1790?-1872) (Ptd. for G. and W.D. Whittaker, 1823)
Australia as a eutopia.
Keywords: Australian author; English author; Male author

"The Last Man" - Thomas Campbell (1777-1844) (The New Monthly Magazine (Philadelphia, PA), 1823)
Short poem describing the dystopian world as seen by the last man.
Rpt. in The Complete Poetical Works of Thomas Campbell, With A Memoir of His Life, and an Essay on his Genius and Writings (New York: D. Appleton, 1856), 86-88; in The Complete Poetical Works of Thomas Campbell. Ed. J. Logie Robertson, M.A. 2nd ed. (London: Henry Frowde Oxford University Press, 1907), 232-34, with a brief note on 234; and in The Complete Poetical Works of Thomas Campbell, With A Memoir of His Life by William Allingham (ix-lxxiv) (London: G. Bell, 1875), 88-90; Rpt. New York: Books for Libraries Press, 1975), 88-90.
Keywords: Male author; Scottish author

"Final Chorus" - Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792-1822) (Hellas A Lyrical Drama, 1822)
The Earth enters a new Golden Age.
Rpt. as Hellas. A Lyrical Drama. Reprinted from the Original Edition of 1822. Ed. Thomas J. Wise. London: Published for the Shelley Society by Reeves and Turner, 1886. Rpt. New York: AMS Press, 1975; as Hellas A Lyrical Drama. A Reprint of the Original Edition Published in 1822 With the Author’s Prologue and Notes in Various Hands. Ed. Thomas J. Wise. London: Published for the Shelley Society by Reeves and Turner, 1886, with an Editor’s Preface on xi-xxiv, “Notes on Hellas by Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley” on xxvii-xxx, “Note on the Prologue to Hellas: by Richard Garnett on xxxiii-xxxiv, Shelley’s Prologue on xxxv-xlv, Editor’s Notes on the Prologue to Hellas on xlvii-li, “Errata for Hellas on liii-lviii, Notes on 55-58, and “Written on Hearing the News of the Death of Napoleon” on 59-60; rpt. New York: AMS Press, 1975. See also Hellas: A Lyrical Drama. The Choruses Set to Music by William Christian Selle, Mus. Doc. London: Published for the Shelley Society by Reeves and Turner, 1886; rpt. New York: AMS Press, 1975. Three stanzas that are in http://www.poetryfoundation.org/poem/174388 are not in the printed text.
Keywords: English author; Male author

Epipsychidion: Verses Addressed to the Noble and Unfortunate Lady Emilia V--- Now Imprisoned In the Convent of ---- - Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792-1822) (C. and J. Ollier, 1821)
Love poem describing a lover's eutopia on an island.
Rpt. in Epipsychidion. A Type Fac-simile Reprint of the Original Edition First Published in 1821. With an Introduction by The Rev. Stofford A. Brooke, M.A. And a Note by Algernon Charles Swinburne. Ed. Robert Alfred Potts. London: Published for the Shelley Society by Reeves and Turner, 1887; rpt. New York: AMS Press, 1975; and in The Poems of Percy Bysshe Shelley Including Materials Never Before Printed in Any Edition of the Poems. Ed. Thomas Hutchinson (London: Humphrey Milford Oxford University Press, 1919), 405-19, with “Fragments Connected with Epipsychidion” (419-24) and “Notes on the Text and Its Punctuation” (893); in Shelley’s Poetry and Prose. Authoritative Texts Criticism. Ed. Donald H. Reiman and Sharon B. Powers (New York: W.W. Norton, 1977), 373-88; 2nd ed. Ed. Donald H. Reiman and Neil Fraistat (New York: W.W. Norton, 2002), 390-407; and in The Poems of Shelley. 4 vols. Ed. Michael Rossington, Jack Donovan, and Kelvin Everest. With the assistance of Andrew Lacey and Laura Barlow (London/New York: Routledge, 2014), 4: 126-172, with introductory notes on 115-125, and “Appendix: Fragments connected with Epipsychidion” (173-190).
Keywords: English author; Male author

"Specimen of a Prospective Newspaper. The North American Luminary, 1st July 4796" (New Monthly Magazine and Literary Journal (London), 1821)
Technological eutopia with North America as the center of the world and Europe depopulated and reverted to savagery. Complete free trade has brought prosperity. Most of the article is taken up with scientific wonders.
Rpt. in The Literary Melange, or Weekly Register (Glasgow, Scot.) (August 28, 1822): 170-75; and rpt. twice in the Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser (March 24, 1825), 3; and (June 10, 1830): 4.

The Loyal Man in the Moon. With Thirteen Cuts - Author of the Constitutional House That Jack Built [pseud.] (Ptd. for C. Chapple and J. Johnston, 1820)
Satire in verse on the supporters of Queen Caroline (1768-1821).

New Britain. A Narrative of a Journey, by Mr. Ellis, To a Country So Called By Its Inhabitants, Discovered in the Vast Plain of the Missouri, in North America, and Inhabited by a People of British Origin, Who Live Under an Equitable System of Society, Productive of Peculiar Independence and Happiness. Also, Some Account of Their Constitution, Laws, Institutions, Customs and Philosophical Opinions: Together With a Brief Sketch of Their History from the Time of Their Departure from Great Britain - [G.A.] [Ellis] (Ptd. for W. Simpkin and R. Marshall, 1820)
Detailed eutopia emphasizing small town democracy.
Rpt. in Modern British Utopias 1700-1850. Ed. Gregory Claeys. 8 vols. (London: Pickering & Chatto, 1997), 6: 149-307.

Symzonia; Voyage of Discovery - Captain Adam Seaborn [pseud.] (Ptd. by J. Seymour, 1820)
Eutopia. Land in the center of the earth. A society ruled by the Good, the Wise, and the Useful. The dull, the indolent, and the selfish had been driven out.
Rpt. New York: Arno Press, 1965; and Gainesville, FL: Scholars' Facsimiles & Reprints, 1975. The book is almost universally attributed to John Cleves Symmes (1780-1829), for whom it is named, but the attribution has been seriously questioned--see "The Authorship of Symzonia." Science-Fiction Studies 3 (March 1976): 98-99; and Hans-Joachim Lang and Benjamin Lease, "The Authorship of Symzonia: The Case for Nathaniel Ames." New England Quarterly 48.2 (June 1975): 241-52.

Fragments of the History of Bawlfredonia: Containing an Account of the Discovery and Settlement, of that Great Southern Continent; and of the Formation and Progress of the Bawlfredonian Commonwealth. By Herman Thwackius. Translated from the original Bawlfredonian Manuscript, into the French language, by Monsieur Traducteur and Rendered into English, by a citizen of America - [Jonas] [Clopper] (Ptd. for the American Booksellers, 1819)
Satire on American history using the utopian form. Anti-democratic with particularly strong attacks on Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826). Caricatures both Yankees and Southerners. Disapproves of Stinkum-Puff (tobacco).
Rpt. as Bawlfredonia. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Literature House/Gregg Press, 1969.
Keywords: Male author; US author

"The Lunarian, A Tale, In Five Cantos" - F[rederick] C[orfield] (The Mélange, Containing The Lunarian, A Tale, In Five Cantos. Wonders, In Two Parts. The Picture Gallery, In Nine Cantos. And Various Other Pieces, In Verse, 1819)
Poem beginning with a visit from a prince of the moon to a wealthy Persian man in hopes of marrying his daughter. Much detail on the lavish wealth of the Persian, but Persia is presented as a absolute and cruel monarchy with women obedient. The eutopia on the moon is a limited monarchy with gender equality. Few clothes. High morality. Authors are fined for wasting their time, and the fines support the poor. The poem is followed by "Wonders, A Lunarian Poem, In Two Parts" (49-64), which is an example of a poem for which an author was fined.
Keywords: Male author

One Thousand Eight Hundred and Twenty Nine: or "Shall It Be So?" (Ptd. for J.J. Stockdale, 1819)
Dystopia. A sleeper wakes in ten years to find that Catholic emancipation has led to Catholic domination. The Irish vote to bring about the Catholic ascendancy.

Christian Policy in Full Practice Among the People of Harmony, A Town in the State of Pennsylvania, North America; As Described in Melish's Travels through the United States, and Birkbeck's Notes on a Journey in America. To Which are subjoined, a Concise view of the Spencean System of Agrarian Fellowship, and some Observations on the manifest Similarity between the Principles of that System and of the truly Fraternal and Christianly Establishment of the Harmonists - [Thomas] [Evans] (b. 1763) (Hay and Turner, 1818)
Christian eutopia in which all land and other major goods are public. Written constitution. Politically divided into small parishes or districts. The first thirteen pages (of sixteen) are a description of the Harmony Community in the United States founded by the German religious leader George Rapp (1757-1847). See also 1816 and 1817 Evans.
Keywords: English author; Male author

Constantine and Eugene, or an Evening at Mount Vernon. A Political Dialogue - [Charles] [Kelsall] [?] (Ptd. for the author, by P.J. DeMat, 1818)
Eutopia. Detailed legal system with some political material. Freedom of religion with some proportional representation of religions.
Keywords: Male author

"Five Hundred Years Hence!" - D. [pseud.] (The Pocket Magazine of Classic and Polite Literature, 1818)
On October 1, 2318, London is an "obscure village" surrounded by ruins. Oxford has only one college left which enrolled three students in 2318. U.S., Canada, and Mexico are flourishing and a trip to the moon has been made from the U.S.  A satire on the story is “America in the Year 2318--a Quiz.” The Bee (Liverpool) 1.4 (1820): col. 244-47. (L)
Rpt. in The Shilling Shockers: Stories of Terror from the Gothic Bluebooks. Ed. Peter Haining (London: Victor Gollancz, 1979), 170-80.

Voyage to Locuta; A Fragment: With Etchings, and Notes of Illustration - [Mrs.] [Elizabeth Susanna Davenport] [Graham] (1782/3-1844) (Ptd. for J. Hatchard, 1818)
An imaginary country is used to present a grammar book.
Keywords: Female author

Address of the Society of Spencean Philanthropists To All Mankind On the Means of Promoting Liberty and Happiness - [Thomas] [Evans] (b. 1763) (Ptd. by order of the Society, 1817)
A critique of the current system and a summary of the proposals of Thomas Spence (1750-1814) as slightly revised by Evans and made explicitly Christian.See also 1816 and 1818 Evans and The Address and Regulations of the Society of Spencean Philanthropists With an Abstract of Spence’s Plan. London: Pub. by order of the Society, 1815 with the Regulations (7-10) and the Abstract (11-12). 12 pp. [LU].  For Spence’s utopias, see 1782, 1795, 1798, and 1801 Spence.
Keywords: English author; Male author

Armata, A Fragment - [Thomas] [Erskine] (1750-1823) (John Murray, 1817)
Parallel history of England commenting critically on English politics. See also 1817 Erskine. The Second Part of Armata.
Some believe that it was published in 1816, but I have never seen a copy without the 1817 date and four eds. were ptd. in that year. 4th ed. rpt. in Modern British Utopias 1700-1850. Ed. Gregory Claeys. 8 vols. (London: Pickering & Chatto, 1997), 6: 1-76.
Keywords: Male author; Scottish author

The Golden Key, Proving an Internal Spiritual Sense to the Holy Word; and Containing A Variety of Interesting and Entertaining Subjects, Introduced as Dreams of Translations into Paradise (Ptd. for the Author by W. Simpkin & R. Marshall, 1817)
Allegory of spiritual exploration and discovery together with descriptions of visits to Paradise. Strongly influenced by Emanuel Swedenborg (1668-1772). Includes many extracts from other authors, both identified and unidentified.

Laon and Cythna; or, The Revolution of the Golden City: A Vision of the Nineteenth Century. In the Stanza of Spenser - Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792-1822) (Ptd. for Sherwood, Neely, & Jones and C. and J. Ollier, 1817)
Poem. Includes a eutopia inspired by the French Revolution and the writings of William Godwin (1756-1836). The eutopia occurs throughout the text and stresses liberty, equality, and the emancipation of women.
This was the original edition which was withdrawn and slightly revised because the printer objected to the suggestion of incest and the radicalism of parts of the text. It was rpt. as The Revolt of Islam; A Poem in Twelve Cantos. London: Ptd. for C. and J. Ollier, 1817 [Some copies have 1818 as the publication date] and was known under this title for some time, with the original title being restored in late 20th century editions. Rpt. as “Laon and Cythna or the Revolution of the Golden City [Usually known as 'The Revolt of Islam' 1817]”. The Complete Poetical Works of Percy Bysshe Shelley. Volume II 1814-1817. Ed. Neville Rogers. 4 vols. (Oxford, Eng.: Clarendon Press, 1975), 99-270, including “Laon and Cyntha: Rejected Passages” (265-270) with “Note by Mary Shelley On Loan and Cyntha [The Revolt of Islam]” (270-73) and “Notes” (360-95); as “Laon and Cythna; Or, The Revolution of the Golden City: A Vision of the Nineteenth Century. In the Stanza of Spenser.” Ed. Jack Donovan. The Poems of Shelley. Volume Two 1817-1819. Ed. Kelvin Everest and Geoffrey Matthews (Hatlow, Essex, Eng.: Pearson Educational, 2000), 10-265, with an [“Introduction”] by the editor (10-29), extensive footnotes throughout, and “Fragments from the L&C Notebooks.” Ed. Jack Donovan (261-65); and as “Laon and Cythna; Or, The Revolution of the Golden City: A Vision of the Nineteenth Century. In the Stanza of Spenser.” Ed. Michael J. Neth. The Complete Poetry of Percy Bysshe Shelley. Volume Three. Ed. Neil Fraisat and Nora Crook (Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2012), 109-320, with “Commentary” by Michael J. Neth (550-941), including “Supplements: Rejected Opening and Ancillary Fragments for Laon and Cyntha” (908-941) “Historical Collation” (993-1061), Mary Shelley’s “Note on The Revolt of Islam” (1073-75), “The Revision of Laon and Cythna to The Revolt of Islam (1077-88), and “Shelley’s List of Errata for Laon and Cythna/The Revolt of Islam (1082). See also The Bodleian Shelley Manuscripts. A Facsimile Edition, with Full Transcripts and Scholarly Apparatus. Ed. Donald H Reiman. Volume XIII Drafts from Laon and Cythna Facsimiles of Bodleian MSS. Shelley ADDS. e 14 and ADDS. e. 19. Ed. Tatsuo Tokoo with an Introduction and Notes. New York/London: Garland Publishing, 1992.
Keywords: English author; Male author

Melincourt - [Thomas Love] [Peacock] (1785-1866) (Ptd. for T. Hookham, Jun. and Co. and Baldwin, Cradock, and Joy, 1817)
One theme is a satire on English politics in which an orangutan is elected as an MP.
U.S. ed. 2 vols. Philadelphia, PA: Moses Thomas, 1817.
Keywords: English author; Male author

The Second Part of Armata - [Thomas] [Erskine] (1750-1823) (John Murray, 1817)
Continuation of 1817 Erskine satirizing contemporary English society.
Three eds. were ptd. in 1817 with a fourth in 1818. 4th ed. rpt. in Modern British Utopias 1700-1850. Ed. Gregory Claeys. 8 vols. (London: Pickering & Chatto, 1997), 6: 77-148.
Keywords: Male author; Scottish author

Christian Policy, the Salvation of the Empire. Being a Clear and Concise Examination into the Causes that Have Produced the Impending, Unavoidable National Bankruptcy; And the Effects that must ensue, unless averted by the Adoption of this only real and Desirable Remedy, Which would elevate these Realms to a Pitch of Greatness Hitherto Unattained By any Nation that ever Existed - Thomas Evans (b. 1763) (Ptd. for the author, 1816)
Eutopia in which all land, water, mines, houses, and feudal permanent property belong to the people. Evans was a close associate of Thomas Spence (1750-1814), and this work says that the policy of the early Christians should be adopted and then goes on to describe Spence's plan. For Spence's utopias, see 1782, 1795, 1798, and 1801 Spence. See also 1817 and 1818 Evans.
2nd ed. London: Ptd. for the Author, 1816. The 2nd ed. is identical except for 2nd ed. on the title page.
Keywords: English author; Male author

"Darkness" - George Gordon Byron [Lord Byron] (1788-1824) (Lord Byron: The Complete Political Works, 1816)
End of world dystopia.
Rpt. in A Year Without Winter. Illus. Ed. Dehlia Hannah, ed. with Brenda Cooper, Joey Eschrich, and Cynthia Selin, Fiction eds. (New York: Columbia Books on Architecture and the City, 2018), 25-27.
Keywords: English author; Male author

Laura's Dream; or, The Moonlanders - [Melesina (Chenevix) St. George] [Trench] (1768-1832) (Ptd. For J. Hatcher, 1816)
A poem in two cantos describing the moon where people are born old and grow young. Traditional gender roles.  The men can fly, the woman can’t. Notes to the text on 45-47.
Rpt. in Science Fiction Studies, no. 101 (34.1) (March 2007): 1-18.
Keywords: Female author; Irish author

A Tour to Purgatory and Back. A Satirical Novel - Humphrey Glump Esq. [pseud.] (Ptd. by A. Redford, 1816)
Pretty much what the title says. Purgatory is in the center of the Earth and contains many of the leading figures in British politics.

The Pilgrim of the Sun. A Poem - James Hogg (1770-1835) (Ptd. for William Blackwood, 1815)
The poem includes a trip to a eutopian Heaven, described in quite general terms, and a tour of the universe that touches a number of eutopian worlds, but with little detail. One world is expelled from God’s concern, and it is said that this will be Earth’s fate.
U.S. ed. Philadelphia, PA: Moses Thomas, 1815.
Keywords: Male author; Scottish author

A Trip to the Man in the Moon, from Terra Firma; in an Air Balloon. A Romance - Timothy Tumble [pseud.]; Richard Quixote [pseud.]; John Telltruth [pseud.] (S. Carvalho, 1815)
Brief eutopia on the moon. No poor. No war. Healthy, long-lived people. Structured class system with each class having a chief and with a monarch over all of them. Education in “learning, manual employment, and diversion” (9). Any dispute that went to court decided by five “middle aged personages” (10). Leisure described as taking place in a spacious garden where all classes of men and women mixed freely with areas for dancing, sports, and food. Language of the moon is Welsh.

Eighteen Hundred and Thirteen: A Poem, In Two Parts - Mrs. [Anne] Grant of Laggan (Ptd. by James Ballantyne and Co. for Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, London, 1814)
Response to 1812 Barbauld showing Britain remaining strong.
Keywords: Female author

The Paradise of Coquettes. A Poem. In Nine Parts - [Thomas] [Brown] (1778-1820) (Ptd. for John Murray, 1814)
A somewhat satirical poem that presents a eutopia for coquettes with some warning about being a coquette also.
2nd ed. Without the 2nd subtitle, and with only eight parts. Edinburgh, Scot.: Archibald Constable and Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, London, 1817. 2nd American ed. with the second subtitle. Philadelphia, PA: Ptd. for Abraham Small and for James Kennedy and Son, Alexandria, 1817.
Keywords: Male author; Scottish author

A Flight to the Moon; or, The Vision of Randalthus - Geo[rge] Fowler (A. Miltenberger, 1813)
Eutopia. Equality has brought about similar stature and appearance. Pure, moderate people who eschew philosophy because it is confusing. Obey "the simple impulse of nature" rather than laws. A second eutopia of innocence, purity, and bliss is presented in a dream with a third similar eutopia in the interior of the sun.
Keywords: Male author; US author

A New View of Society; or, Essays on the Principle of the Formation of the Human Character, and the Application of the Principle to Practice - Robert Owen (1771-1858) (Ptd. for Cadell and Davies, by Richard Taylor and Co., 1813)
Not strictly a utopia but basic to the development of British and American utopianism. Owen was a prolific and repetitive author who wrote many proposals for communities with detailed constitutions and rules and regulations. He also founded or inspired communities in both the U.K. and the U.S. This book outlines his basic, and generally unchanged, principles. See also 1831, 1839, 1841, 1844, 1846, and 1855 (2) Owen for more explicitly utopian works.
Rpt. in Selected Works of Robert Owen. 4 vols. Ed. Gregory Claeys (London: William Pickering, 1993), 1: 23-100. See Claeys (25) for the early publishing history.
Keywords: Male author; Scottish author; Welsh author

Utopia Found: Being an Apology for Irish Absentees. Addressed to a Friend in Connaught - [Edward] [Mangin] (1772-1852) (Ptd. by Gye and Son, 1813)
Satire. Presents London as a near-perfect place with no crime, desire, or corruption and with no social problems.
Keywords: Irish author; Male author

Eighteen Hundred and Eleven. A Poem - Anna Laetitia Barbauld (1743-1825) (Ptd. for J. Johnson, 1812)
Dystopian predictive poem showing the ruin of Britain after Commerce leaves her. See 1814 Grant for a response. A detailed study of the poem and its context is E. J. Clery, Eighteen Hundred and Eleven: Poetry, Power and Economic Crisis. Cambridge, Eng.: Cambridge University Press, 2017.
Rpt. Warrington, Eng.: The “Sunrise” Publishing Co., 1911 with the cover adding A Prophecy of England’s Downfall; in her The Works of Anna Laetitia Barbauld with a Memoir By Lucy Aikin. 2 vols. (London: Ptd. for Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green, 1825), 1: 232-50; rpt. (London: Routledge/Thoemmes Press, 1996), 1: 232-50; in The Poems of Anna Letitia Barbauld. Ed. William McCarthy and Elizabeth Kraft (Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1994), 152-61 with “Notes and Variants” (309-17); as Eighteen Hundred and Eleven. 1812. Poole, Eng: Woodstock Books, 1995; in Romantic Women Poets: An Anthology. Ed. Duncan Wu (Oxford, Eng.: Blackwells, 1997), 10-18, with an editor’s introduction (7-10) and notes (10-18); in her Selected Poetry and Prose. Ed. William McCarthy and Elizabeth Kraft (Peterborough, ON, Canada: Broadview Literary Texts, 2002), 160-73; and in E. J. Clery, Eighteen Hundred and Eleven: Poetry, Power and Economic Crisis (Cambridge, Eng.: Cambridge University Press, 2017), 270-77.
Keywords: English author; Female author

The Empire of the Nairs; or, The Rights of Women. An Eutopian Romance, in Twelve Books - James [Henry] Lawrence (1773-1840) (Ptd. for T. Hookham and E.T. Hookham, 1811)
Largely adventure and romance but presented as a picture of a eutopia of equality for women. Men are completely free from all duties except warfare. Women are revered as mothers and supported as such by the state. No marriage and women choose their lovers as they wish. Every house belongs to some woman and men live with relatives or lovers. Lawrence drew inspiration from and refers to Mary Wollstonecraft's (1759-97) Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1782). The description of sexual freedom influenced Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792-1822); see 1817 and 1821 Shelley, both of which were so influenced. Shelley wrote Lawrence on August 17, 1812, saying "Your 'Empire of the Nairs,' which I read this Spring, succeeded in making me a perfect convert to its doctrines" (The Letters of Percy Bysshe Shelley. Ed. Frederick L. Jones. 2 vols. (Oxford, Eng.: Clarendon Press, 1964), 1: 323. See Walter Graham, "Shelley and The Empire of the Nairs." PMLA 40.4 (December 1925): 881-91. The Nairs are based on an actual Hindu caste from Kerela in India. On the actual Nairs, see Élie Reclus, "The Naïrs, Warrior Nobility and the Matriarchate." In his Primitive Folk: Studies in Comparative Ethnology (London: Walter Scott, [1891?]), 143-77. Originally published in French but no translator given.
Rpt. as The Empire of the Nairs (1811). 4 vols. in 1. Delmar, NY: Scholars’ Facsimiles & Reprints, 1976; and in Modern British Utopias 1700-1850. Ed. Gregory Claeys. 8 vols. (London: Pickering & Chatto, 1997), 5: 1-328.
Keywords: English author; Male author

A Journey to the Moon, and Interesting Conversations with the Inhabitants respecting the Condition of Man - The Author of Worlds Displayed [pseud.] (Howar[d] and Evans, 1811)
Eutopia. The inhabitants of the moon are spiritually far in advance of Earth and know neither sin nor death. Mostly on the conditions of Earth.
Rpt. London: Ptd. by J. Evans & Son, 1815. 8 pp.

Publicola, A Sketch of the Times and Prevailing Opinions, from the Revolution in 1800 to the Present Year 1810. Addressed to the People of England, and now first translated from the Russian copy - [John] [Reeves] (1752-1829) (Ptd. for J. Wright, 1810)
The dystopia created by a successful republican revolution in England.
Keywords: English author; Male author

"A Voyage to the Moon" - Nicholas Lunatic F.R.S. [pseud.] (Satiric Tales: Consisting of A Voyage to the Moon; All the Tailors; or, the Old Cloak; and the Fat Witch of London, 1808)
A satire on contemporary England in which the faults of the people of the Moon are regularly compared to an England where these faults do not exist. For example, the traveler is shocked by prostitution, theft, corruption, venality, the concern with fashion, etc., none of which are said to exist in England. The voyage to the Moon was made in a balloon, to which was attached a boat with oars for steering. The language on the Moon is Welsh. Presents conflicts with Frogland (France), the Glum religion of Bogland (Ireland), the American revolution, and other issues.

"A Poem on the Future Glory of the United States of America" - David Humphreys (1752-1818) (The Miscellaneous Works of David Humphreys: Late Minister Plenipotentiary from the United States of America to the Court of Madrid, 1804)
Eutopia. Pretty much what the title says.
Rpt. as The Miscellaneous Works of David Humphreys (1804): A Facsimile Reproduction With an Introduction by William K. Bottorff (Gainesville FL: Scholars' Facsimiles & Reprints, 1968), 53-65.
Keywords: Male author; US author

"A Poem on the Industry of the United States of America" - David Humphreys (1752-1818) (The Miscellaneous Works of David Humphreys: Late Minister Plenipotentiary from the United States of America to the Court of Madrid, 1804)
Eutopia describing the future industry of the U.S.
Rpt. as The Miscellaneous Works of David Humphreys (1804): A Facsimile Reproduction With an Introduction by William K. Bottorff (Gainesville FL: Scholars' Facsimiles & Reprints, 1968), 97-114 with introductory material (89-96).
Keywords: Male author; US author

Travels of Young Candid and Doctor Pangloss to the Country of El-Dorado, Toward the End of the Eighteenth Century; Being a Continuation of Voltaire’s Candid - J[ames] Barton L.M. (Ptd. D.N. Shury for J.F. Hughes, 1804)
Just what the title says.
Keywords: Male author

"Equality--A Political Romance" - [John] [Lithgow] (The Temple of Reason (Philadelphia, PA), 1802)
Eutopia. No money, land is held in common, and labor is required from all until age 50. No towns--houses are spread over the entire country. Everyone over 15 has a separate apartment and keeps it even when married. Gerontocracy. Deist. Every male over 18 is provided with arms and must know how to use them.
Rpt. as Equality; or, A History of Lithconia. Philadelphia, PA: Liberal Union, 1837. This ed. rpt. in The New Moral World (London) [5].3 - 5, 7, 10, 13, 15 - 16, 20 (November 10 - 24, December 8, 29, 1838; January 13, February 2 - 9, March 9, 1839): 45-46; 51-52; 69-71; 99-100; 158-59; 206-07; 239-40; 247-49; 310-11; as Equality; or, A History of Lithconia. Boston, MA: Pub. by J. P. Mendum, 1863; and as Equality, A History of Lithconia. Philadelphia, PA: The Prime Press, 1947. Rpt. from The Temple of Reason as by James Reynolds in American Utopias: Selected Short Fiction. Ed. Arthur O. Lewis, Jr. New York: Arno Press and The New York Times, 1971. All items separately paged.
Keywords: English author; Male author; US author

Science Revived, or, The Vision of Alfred. A Poem in Eight Books - [Rev.] [Joseph] [Sympson] (Ptd. for J.A. Gameau, 1802)
Britain as a eutopia. Alfred calls upon the Goddess of Science to enlighten the world. She takes him, in the second book, to the Palace of Genius, where he sees thrones for Logic, Rhetoric, Geometry, Astronomy, History, Harmony, and Morality, with the last described as the fairest. The following books are a history of the rise of science and the arts after the low point of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. The final canto explains that science must be joined with liberty and then depicts the Britain of the time of writing as a eutopia.
Keywords: Male author

A Description of Jerusalem: Its Houses and Streets, Squares, Colleges, Markets, and Cathedrals, The Royal and Private Palaces, with The Garden of Eden In the Centre, As laid down in the last chapters of Ezekiel, Also The First Chapter of Genesis Verified, as Strictly Divine and True and The Solar System, With All Its Plurality of Inhabited Worlds, and Millions of Suns, As Positively Proved To Be Delusive and False. By Mr. Brothers, Who Will Be Revealed To the Hebrews As Their King and Restorer - Mr. [Richard] Brothers (1757-1824); Mr. Brothers (Ptd. for George Riebau, 1801)
Restored Jerusalem as eutopia. See also 1830 Brothers, his A Revealed Knowledge of the Prophecies & Times. Book the First. Wrote under the direction of the Lord God, and Published by his Sacred Command: It Being the First Sign of Warning for the Benefit of all Nations. Containing, with other Great and Remarkable Things, Not Revealed by any other Person on Earth, the Restoration of the Hebrews to Jerusalem, by the Year of 1798: Under their Revealed Prince and Prophet. London: Np, 1794. The second part has the separate title page A Revealed Knowledge of the Prophecies & Times particularly of the present time, the present war, and the prophecy now fulfilling. The Year of the World 5913. Book the Second. Containing, with other Great and Remarkable Things, Not Revealed by any other Person on Earth, the sudden and perpetual fall of the Turkish, German, and Russian Empires, Wrote under the direction of the Lord God, and Published by his Sacred Command: It Being the Second Sign of Warning for the Benefit of all Nations. By the Man that will be revealed to the Hebrews as their Prince and Prophet. London: Np, 1794; and A Letter from Mr. Brothers to Miss Cott, the recorded daughter of David, and future queen of the Hebrews. With an Address to the Members of His Brintannic Majesty’s Council and through them to all governments and people on Earth. London: G. Riebau/Edinburgh, Scot.: Rpt by J. Robertson, 1798.
Keywords: English author; Male author

The Restorer of Society to Its Natural State in a Series of Letters to a Fellow Citizen. With a Preface, Containing the Objections of a Gentleman Who Perused the Manuscript, and the Answers of the Author - Thomas Spence (1750-1814) (Ptd. for the Author by A. Searle, 1801)
Eutopia similar to 1782, 1795, and 1798 Spence. As in all Spence's eutopias, this one stresses that land should be in the hands of the local parish with one simple tax that will support all needed services. Public granary; easy divorce; no war; free trade; improved hospitals.
Rpt. in The Political Works of Thomas Spence. Ed. H.T. Dickinson (Newcastle upon Tyne, Eng.: Avero (Eighteenth-Century) Publications Ltd., 1982), 69-103. Version of 1803 rpt. in Pig’s Meat: The Selected Writings of Thomas Spence, Radical and Pioneer Land Reformer. Ed. G.I. Gallop (Nottingham, Eng.: Spokesman, 1982), 127-65.
Keywords: English author; Male author

One Wise Rich Man. A Parable. Owe No Man Anything But To Love One Another - R. M. Webster (Np, 1800)
Eutopia. Cooperative commonwealth brought about by a rich man. Based on the principles in the title.

"To Miss Kinder, on Receiving a Note dated February 30th" - Anna Laetitia Barbauld (1743-1825) (The Poems of Anna Letitia Barbauld, 1800)
Eighteen line poem describing a day when everyone behaves well.
Keywords: English author; Female author

"A New Year's Poem" - David Everett A.M. (1770-1813) (Common Sense in dishabille, or The Farmer's Monitor. Containing a Variety of Familiar Essays, on Subjects Moral & Economical. To Which is Added a Perpetual Calendar, or Economical Almanack, 1799)
America as a eutopia stressing agriculture.
Keywords: Male author; US author

The Vagabond. A Novel - George Walker (1772-1847) (Ptd. for G. Walker, 1799)
Satire on William Godwin (1756-1836), Thomas Paine (1737-1809), David Hume (1711-76), and other mostly republican philosophers. Chaps. 7 and 8 of vol. 2 depict "a perfect Republic on the Principles of Equality and Political Justice" where nothing works the way it was intended.
Two other editions in 1799. The 2nd ed. is identical to the 1st and the 3rd ed. has changes. There is one edition with the subtitle or, Practical Infidelity: A Novel. Harrisonburg, VA: Davidson & Bourne, 1814. Critical ed. in one vol. ed. W.M. Verhoeven. Peterborough, ON, Canada: Broadview Editions, 2004, including relevant essays.
Keywords: English author; Male author

"[Alcuin]" - Charles Brockden Brown (1771-1810) (The Life of Charles Brockden Brown: Together With Selections From the Rarest of His Printed Works, From His Original Letters, And From His Manuscripts Before Unpublished, 1798)
Eutopia of complete gender equality. No marriage.
U.K. ed. as “The Paradise of Women, From ‘Alcuin’.” In William Dunlap. Memoirs of Charles Brockden Brown, The American Novelist, Author of Wieland, Ormond, Arthur Mervyn, &c. With Selections from His Original Letters, and Miscellaneous Writings (London: Ptd. for Henry Colburn and Co., 1822), 247-308. Parts I and II of Alcuin, which do not include the utopia had been published as Alcuin: A Dialogue. New York: T. & J. Swords, 1798. Rpt. as Alcuin: A Dialogue by Charles Brockton Brown. A Type-facsimile Reprint of the First Edition with an Introduction by L[eRoy] E[lwood] Kimball (vii-xxi). New Haven, CT: Carl & Margaret Rollins, 1935. An abr. version of these parts was published as “The Rights of Women: A Dialogue.” Weekly Magazine (Philadelphia, PA) 1.7 – 10 (March 17 – April 7 1798): 198-200; 231-36; 271-74; 299-302. All parts are available in Alcuin: A Dialogue. Ed. Lee E. Edwards. The Gehenna Tracts 3. Northampton. MA: The Gehenna Press, 1970. Rpt. New York: Grossman Publishers, 1971; and in Alcuin. Ed. Cynthia A. Kerner New York: NCUP, Inc., 1995, with an “Introduction (3-37), “A Note on Text” (38), and “Suggested Readings” (39-40). Critical ed. in The Novels and Related Works of Charles Brockden Brown. Bicentennial Edition. Volume VI. Alcuin: A Dialogue and Memoirs of Stephen Calvet. Ed. Stanley J. Krause, S. W. Reid, and Robert D. Arner (Kent, OH: Kent State University Press, 1987), 1-67, an “Historical Essay” (273-98), a “Textual Essay” (313-56), “Textual Notes” (368-75), “Variants in Alcuin, Parts I and II” (376-422), “List of Emendations in Alcuin, Part III” (423), “End-of-Line Word-Division” (424), and “Record of Collations and Copies Consulted” (436-37).
Keywords: Male author; US author

The Captive of the Castle of Sennaar: An African Tale Containing Various Anecdotes of the Sophians Hitherto Unknown To Mankind in General - George Cumberland (1754-1848) (Ptd. for the author, 1798)
Two lost race eutopias in central Africa. The first, presented in the 1798 and 1810 editions, is peopled with Greek sun worshippers. These people, the Sophians, are art lovers, Deists, have gender equality, and racial, religious, and ethnic toleration. The second, presented in the second part first published in 1991, are Christians. These people, the Jovinians, have no art and proselytize their failure simple form of Protestantism and practice a general community of goods. They recognize the importance of sex, and the 1810 edition downplayed the sexual elements.
Rpt. rev. as vol. 1 of his Original Tales. London: Miller and Pople, 1810. First ed. rpt. together with the previously unpub. second part ed. G.E. Bentley, Jr. Montréal, QC, Canada: McGill-Queen’s University Press, 1991, which includes “Notes on the Text” (297-306), “Epilogue The Geography of The Captive and the Historical Contexts of the Sophians, the Jovinians, and Menno” (307-22), “Appendix I Substantive Emendations to the Text of The Captive Part I (1798) found in the Second Edition (1810)” (323-48), “Appendix II Description of the Manuscript of Part 2” (349-51).
Keywords: English author; Male author

The Constitution of a Perfect Commonwealth. Being the French Constitution of 1793. Amended, and rendered entirely conformable to the Whole Rights of Man - T[homas] Spence (1750-1814) (Author, 1798)
Detailed eutopia. Another version of Spence’s cooperative commonwealth. See also 1782, 1795, and 1801 Spence.
Later ed. as The Constitution of Spensonia A Country in Fairyland Situated Between Utopia and Oceana Brought from Thence by Captain Swallow (i.e. Thomas Spence). London: Author, 1801. This ed. rpt. in Trial of Thomas Spence in 1801 Together With His Description of Spensonia, Constitution of Spensonia, End of Oppression, Recantation of the End of Oppression, Newcastle on Tyne Lecture Delivered in 1775. Also a Brief Life of Spence and a Description of His Political Token Dies by Arthur W. Waters (Leamington Spa, Eng.: Privately Ptd., 1917), 93-109. Versions are also available in The Political Works of Thomas Spence. Ed. H.T. Dickinson (Newcastle upon Tyne, England: Avero (Eighteenth Century) Publications, 1982), 54-69, 104-118; Pig’s Meat: Selected Writings of Thomas Spence, Radical and Pioneer Land Reformer. Ed. G.I. Glossop (Nottingham, England: Spokesman, 1982), 166-185; and in Thomas Spence: The Poor Man’s Revolutionary. Ed. Alastair Bonnett and Keith Alexander (London: Breviary Stuff Publications, 2014), 145-161. An extract was published anonymously as The receipt to make a millennium or happy world. 4th ed. Single sheet. Np, [1805?] This was also published as Something to a Purpose. A receipt to make a millennium or Happy World. Extracts from The Constitution of Spensonia. London: Ptd. for T. Spence, [1803].
Keywords: English author; Male author

Henry Willoughby. A Novel (Ptd. for G. Kearsley, 1798)
Eutopia. The second volume contains the description of an ideal community in Minnesota (227-71). Community property. Freedom of belief.

Human Vicissitudes; or, Travels into Unexplored Regions (Ptd. for G.G. and J. Robinson, 1798)
A fairly typical imaginary voyage describing an essentially feudal system that is far from perfect but is presented as having a number of positive features. Much intrigue.

Libellus: or, A Brief Sketch of the Kingdom of Gotham. Containing Observations respecting its King, Princes, Nobles, and Inferior Senators: Its Mode of Election; The Duration of Its Parliaments; Its Ministers of State, Judges, and Other Professors of the Law: Customs of the People, Their Dress, and Amusements; Their Agricultural Regulations, Commercial Pursuits, and the Natural Productions of Their Country: Their Well-Managed Police; Their Ecclesiastical Polity, and Their System of Politics. Under the Cover of a little Fiction, a great deal of Truth may often be conveyed (J. Jordan and W. Glendinning, 1798)
Eutopia. Society in which everything and everybody works or behaves as they are ideally expected to work or behave, which functions as a satire on contemporary Britain.
Rpt. in Modern British Utopias 1700-1850. Ed. Gregory Claeys. 8 vols. (London: Pickering & Chatto, 1997), 4: 441-76.

The Young Philosopher - Charlotte [Turner] Smith (1749-1806) (T. Cadell Jr and W. Davies, 1798)
A small part of the novel depicts an agrarian, Arcadian eutopia in America in contrast to the empty life available in England.
Rpt. in one vol. ed. Elizabeth Craft. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 1999, with an “Introduction” by the editor (ix-xxxvi), “Notes to the Novel” (355-90), and “Variants” (391-93).
Keywords: Female author

The History of Mr Fantom, The New Fashioned Philosopher and His Man William - Hannah More (1745-1833) (Sold by J. Marshall, London. By S. Hazard, at Bath; J. Elder, at Edinburgh, 1797)
Satire on utopian projections.
Keywords: English author; Female author

"Proceedings in a Female Parliament" (The Time Piece; and Literary Companion, 1797)
Standard satire against women holding political office. Reports from the House of Ladies and the Ladies House of Commons.
Rpt. in Impartial Gazetteer, and Saturday Evening Post 10.507 (March 17, 1798); and as “Proceedings in a Female Parliament House of Ladies.” The Key 1.12 (March 31, 1798): 93 [This reprints one sentence from the House of Ladies section; the rest is from the Ladies House of Commons section]. Originally published in about 1796 in an unidentified London newspaper.

"The Institutions of the Republic of Utopia" - Elihu Hubbard Smith (1771-98) (Early American Literature, 1796)
Detailed eutopia focused on health and public education to age thirty, which is coeducational to age twenty-two but with women excluded from university education. Combination of reason and Christianity.
Ms. in the Harvey Cushing/John Hay Whitney Medical Library, Yale University.
Keywords: Male author; US author

Modern Gulliver's Travels. Lilliput: Being A New Journey to that Celebrated Island. Containing a Faithful Account of the Manners, Character, Customs, Religion, Laws, Politics, Revenue, Taxes, Learning, General Progress in Arts and Sciences, Dress, Amusements, and Gallantry of Those Famous Little People. From the Year 1702 (when they were first discovered and visited by Captain Lemuel Gulliver, the Father of the Compiler of this Work), to the present Æra 1796 - [W.] [Whitmore] (Ptd. for T. Chapman, 1796)
Satire on contemporary English life and directed against the French Revolution. It includes an extensive imaginary language.
Rpt. in Gulliveriana: II. Ed. Jeanne K. Welcher and George E. Bush. Gainesville, FL: Scholars’ Facsimiles & Reprints, 1971; and in Modern British Utopias 1700-1850. Ed. Gregory Claeys. 8 vols. (London: Pickering & Chatto, 1997), 4: 321-440.

"On the Vicissitudes of States and Kingdoms" - Gale, John (Gale’s Cabinet of Knowledge; or, Miscellaneous Recreations. Containing Moral and Philosophical Essays, Propositions, Natural and Metaphysical Maxims, And Observations on Select Subjects of general Utility. With a Series of Easy, Entertaining and Interesting, Mechanical, Magnetical, & Magical Experiments. Including the Most Celebrated Card Deceptions Ever Exhibited. Together With About Seven Hundred Serious, Comical, and Humorous Queries, Paradoxes, &c. &c. With Pertinent and Ingenious Answers. Being the Essence taken from The Lady’s, Gentlemen’s, & Carnan’s Diaries--Martin’s Philosophical Magazines--Ozanam & Hooper’s Recreations, &c. &c. (Illustrated with Copper-plate Engravings). To Which Are Added A Great Number of Originals. Likewise, An Appendix; Containing Various Propositions Tending to Prove Light and Heat Two Distinct Beings. With some curious Definitions in Optics, 1796)
Reports on information provided by the Emperor of the Moon on "the government, laws, and customs of the inhabitants of Jupiter" (24). Jupiter is ruled by women with the men given "employments suitable to their abilities" (24-25) such as merchants and tradesmen (former courtiers), the military (former clergy), laboring on public works (former lawyers), the last of which eliminating corruption. All physicians are women also and take no fees but are paid salaries for preventing illness. The old men nurse old women and vise versa.
Many editions.
Keywords: Male author

The Commonwealth of Reason - William Hodgson, Now confined in the prison of Newgate, London, for sedition (1745-1851) (Ptd. and sold by the author, and also by H.D. Symonds, B. Crosby, J. Ridgway, J. Smith, J. Burke, 1795)
Essay including an outline of a new government and a proposed constitution. The author's crime was proposing a toast to "The French Republic" and "comparing the king to a German hog butcher".
Rpt. in Utopias of the British Enlightenment. Ed. Gregory Claeys (Cambridge, Eng.: Cambridge University Press, 1994), 199-247.
Keywords: English author; Male author

Description of Spensonia - [Thomas] [Spence] (1750-1814) (Hive of Liberty, 1795)
A version of Spence's cooperative commonwealth. See also 1782, 1798, and 1801 Spence.
Rpt. in Trial of Thomas Spence in 1801 Together With His Description of Spensonia, Constitution of Spensonia, End of Oppression, Recantation of the End of Oppression, Newcastle on Tyne Lecture Delivered in 1775. Also a Brief Life of Spence and a Description of His Political Token Dies by Arthur W. Waters (Leamington Spa, Eng.: Privately Ptd., 1917), 82-91; and in The Political Works of Thomas Spence. Ed. H.T. Dickinson (Newcastle upon Tyne, Eng.: Avero (Eighteenth Century) Publications Ltd., 1982), 25-33. First published in somewhat different form in Spence’s journal Pig’s Meat; or Lessons for the Swinish Multitude as “The Marine Republic” 2.6 (1794): 68-72; and “A Further Account of Spensonia” 2.18-19 (1794): 205-18. These versions rpt. in Pig’s Meat: The Selected Writings of Thomas Spence, Radical and Pioneer Land Reformer. Ed. G.I. Gallop (Nottingham, Eng.: Spokesman, 1982), 76-90.
Keywords: English author; Male author

Memoirs of Planetes, or a Sketch of the Laws and Manners of Makar - [Thomas] [Northmore] (1766-1851) (Ptd. by Vaughan Griffiths, 1795)
Eutopia. Detailed constitution of thirty-one articles and the positive effects of adopting it. The first articles are concerned with democratic political reform and the reduction in the number of laws. Trial by jury. No capital punishment. Reform of inheritance. Improved education. Marriage and divorce civil not religious. Freedom of the press.
Rpt. in Utopias of the British Enlightenment. Ed. Gregory Claeys (Cambridge, Eng.: Cambridge University Press, 1994), 137-97.
Keywords: English author; Male author

"Future State of the Western Territory" - David Humphreys (1752-1818) (The Columbian Muse. A Selection of American Poetry from Various Authors of Established Reputation, 1794)
Eutopia describing the West of the U.S. in Arcadian terms.
Keywords: Male author; US author

"The Vision" - Timothy Dwight D.D. (1752-1817) (Greenfield Hill: A Poem in Seven Parts. I. The Prospect. II. The Flourishing Village. III. The Burning of Fairfield. IV. The Destruction of the Pequods. V. The Clergyman’s Advice to the Villagers. VI. The Farmer’s Advice to the Villagers. VII. The Vision, or Prospect of the Future Happiness of America, 1794)
The future of the United States and Greenfield Hill, Connecticut in particular. Emphasizes escaping from the institutions and problems of Europe. Stress on freedom under law, morality, and education. Natural beauty. No slavery. No real rich or poor.
Rpt. New York: AMS Press, 1970.
Keywords: Male author; US author

The Emigrants, &c or the History of an Expatriated Family, Being a Delineation of English Manners, Drawn from Real Characters, Written in America - G[ilbert] Imlay Esq. (1754-1828) (A. Hamilton, 1793)
There is a short section (Letter LXX) that describes what appears to be intended as a eutopia, but there is little detail. Eutopian imagery is used throughout the text to describe the Ohio Valley as a place to settle.
Rpt. Dublin, Ireland: Ptd. for C. Brown, 1794; as The Emigrants (1793) Traditionally Ascribed to Gilbert Imlay But, More Probably, By Mary Wollstonecraft. A Facsimile Reproduction of The Dublin Edition (1794). Gainesville, FL: Scholar’s Facsimiles & Reprints, 1964 with an “Introduction” by Robert R. Hare (v-xv); and as The Emigrants. Harmondsworth, Eng: Penguin Books, 1998 with an “Introduction” by Wm. Verhoeven and Amanda Gilroy (ix-lix), “Explanatory Notes” (257-304), and a “Glossary” (305-06). The Penguin ed. reprints the 1st ed.
Keywords: Male author; US author

An Essay on Civil Government, or Society Restored, By Means of I. A Preface of Peace, II. A Reform in Mataphysics [sic], and III. A Political Code and Constitution, Adapted to the True Nature of Man. Translated from the Italian Ms. of A.D.R.S. With Notes, By the Editor - A. D. R S. (Ptd. for J. Ridgway, 1793)
Eutopia with details on many aspects of life. Cities, the layout of which is described, will be limited to 20,000 people. There will be two classes based on occupation that will not intermarry. Both boys and girls will be educated, girls to 18 and boys to 22.

"A plan of a Peace Office for the United States" - [Benjamin] [Rush] (1745-1813) (Banneker's Almanack, and Ephemeris for the Year of Our Lord 1793, 1793)
Essay giving a detailed proposal for a Department of Peace presented in seven proposals: Appointing of a “genuine republican and sincere Christian” to head the office. Establishing free schools “in every city, village and township of the United States. Providing every family with a copy of “a copy of an American edition of the BIBLE.”  Inscribing every “State and Court house” with the words “the son of man came into the world, not to destroy men’s lives, but to save them.” Rejecting capital punishment. Repealing militia laws. Eliminating military uniforms, parades, and titles. Has been read as a satire, and while the above proposals appear perfectly serious, the last proposal, which is to adorn the office of the Peace-Office with pictures of those currently at war in peaceful interaction, and a daily singing of a peace song. The War Office would, in contrast, be adorned with reminders of the horrors of war. A United States Peace Institute was established by Congress in 1984; see http://www.usip.org.
Rpt. exp. in his Essays Literary, Moral and Philosophical (Philadelphia, PA: Thomas and Samuel F. Bradford, 1798), 183-88; 2nd ed. with additions (Philadelphia, PA: Thomas and Samuel F. Bradford, 1806), 183-88; rpt. ed. Michael Meranze (Schenectady, NY: Union College Press, 1988), 106-09; in The Selected Writings of Benjamin Rush. Ed. Dagobert D. Runes (New York: Philosophical Library, 1947), 19-23; in Voices of Dissent: An Anthology of Individualist Thought in the United States. Ed. Arthur A. Ekirch, Jr. (New York: Citadel Press, 1964), 17-21; and rpt. illus. by Leonard Baskin and a with note by Sidney Kaplan. The Massachusetts Review 25.2 (Summer 1984): 269-83.
Keywords: Male author; US author

A Voyage to the Moon; Strongly Recommended to all Lovers of Real Freedom - Aratus [pseud.] (Author, 1793)
Dystopia on the moon--allegory about contemporary England.
Rpt. in Modern British Utopias 1700-1850. Ed. Gregory Claeys. 8 vols. (London: Pickering & Chatto, 1997), 4: 277-319.

Plans of Education; with Remarks on the Systems of Other Writers. In a Series of Letters Between Mrs. Darnford and Her Friends - Clara Reeve (1729-1807) (Ptd. for T. Hookham and J. Carpenter, 1792)
Eutopia in the form of an epistolary novel. Begins as an essay on education but broadens into one on society as a whole and plans for the best one. Conservative in that it is hierarchical, and women's education is in those things thought suitable for women.
Rpt. New York: Garland, 1974.
Keywords: English author; Female author

"A Sketch of a Plan for the Formation of a Military Colony" - Charles Lee (1731-82) (Memoirs of the Life of the Late Charles Lee, Esq. Lieutenant-Colonel of the Forty-Fourth Regiment, Colonel in the Portuguese Service, Major-General and Aid du Camp to the King of Poland, and Second in Command in the Service of the United States of America, 1792)
Eutopia that describes a colony with distribution of land by rank, rules for religion, laws, etc.
U. S. ed. Memoirs of the Life of the Late Charles Lee, Esq. Lieutenant-Colonel of the Forty-Fourth Regiment, Colonel in the Portuguese Service, Major-General and Aid du Camp to the King of Poland, and Second in Command in the Service of the United States of America During the Revolution: To Which Are Added His Political and Military Essays. Also, Letters to, and From Many Distinguished Characters, Both in Europe and America (New York: T. Allen, 1792), 48-55. Book also entitled The Life and Memoirs of the Late Major General Lee. . .
Keywords: Male author

A Trip to the Island of Equality, or, An Extract from Russian Voyages (Np, 1792)
Broadside attacking equality and its terrible consequences in the country of Ulaga.

Panopticon; or, The Inspection-House: Containing the Idea of a New Principle of Construction Applicable to Any Sort of Establishment, In Which Persons of Any Description Are To Be Kept Under Inspection; And in Particular to Penitentiary-Houses, Prisons, Houses of Industry, Work-houses, Poor-house, Manufactories, Mad-houses, Lazarettos, Hospitals, and Schools: With a Plan of Management Adapted to the Principle: In a Series of Letters, Written in the Year 1787, From Crecheff in White Russia, To a Friend in England - Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) (Sold by T. Payne, 1791)
Detailed plans for an ideal utilitarian building where the inmates can be kept under constant observation at low cost.
Rpt. in The Works of Jeremy Bentham, Published Under the Superintendence of His Executor, John Bowring. 11 vols. (Edinburgh: William Tait, 1843), 4: 37-172; and in The Panopticon Writings. Ed. Miran Božovič. London: Verso, 1995. Includes “Panopticon Letters” (29-95), “Postscript, Part I. Containing Further Particulars and Alterations Relative to the Plan of Construction Originally Proposed; Principally Adapted to the Purpose of a Panopticon Penitentiary-House” [printed 1791] (97-114), and “A Fragment on Ontology” (115-38), which is about fictions not the panopticon. See also “Panopticon versus New South Wales: or, The Panopticon Penitentiary System, and The Penal Colonization System, Compared. In a Letter Addressed to the Right Honourable Lord Pelham. By Jeremy Bentham, of Lincoln’s Inn, Esq.” (Bowring 4: 173-248).
Keywords: English author; Male author

"Approach of Peace. A Vision Written in 1793" - Zulindus [pseud.] (The New-York Magazine, or Literary Repository, 1790)
Allegory about the struggle for the coming of peace. The story begins by depicting a eutopia that consists of a rich agricultural area of happy people and a successful city of commerce and manufacturing, but Tyranny approaches and, assisted by Civil Discord, destroys the peace of the country. But Religion and Peace back Science, Loves and Graces, and Nature and restore the balance.

"The Christian Philosopher. Number III [A Vision]" (The Christian Scholar's and Farmer's Magazine (Elizabethtown, NJ), 1790)
Christian allegory with three routes to salvation, which is represented by the temple of Contentment. Two, gaiety and melancholy, are dead ends. The third, Virtue, leads to the temple, but the rich are told that they cannot enter with their wealth and turn back, as does Pride. Temperance, Benevolence, and Cheerfulness gain entry.

“The Philanthropist. No. XVI. An Allegorical DESCRIPTION of a certain ISLAND and its INHABITANTS” (The Massachusetts Magazine, 1790)
Christian allegory using utopian imagery. The island (this life) is part of the territory of the King of Utopia (God) where people who disobey the King are exiled until they change their ways and please him again. During their exile, all needed supplies are provided by the King.
Rpt. in American Utopias: Selected Short Fiction. Ed. Arthur O. Lewis, Jr. New York: Arno Press and The New York Times, 1971. All items separately paged.
Keywords: US author

A True and Faithful Account of the Island of Veritas; Together with the Forms of Their Liturgy; and a Full Relation of the Religious Opinions of the Veritasians, as Delivered in Several Sermons Just Published in Veritas - Jasper Richardson [pseud.] (Ptd. for C. Stalker, 1790)
Eutopia based on religion, reason, and virtue. Mostly a defense of Unitarianism with material on the forms of their religious services but includes detailed political and legal systems. Elected hereditary monarchy. Annual elections to Parliament. Clergy elected annually by the parish but cannot be removed except for cause.

"The Dreamer No. VI" - Sophronia [pseud.] (The Massachusetts Magazine or Monthly Museum (Boston, MA), 1789)
Tells of a visit to the “Massachusetts Publick Female Academy” and hearing a speech by the “Preceptress General.” She states that apparent differences in intellect between men and women are not based on inherent differences but on the fact that men are educated, and women are not. In doing so, she refers specifically to women from “a lower sphere” who are kept from learning the skills needed to efficiently run a home, raise children, and support herself and them if necessary. The visitor notes that the library contains only useful books and not “a singly Novel or Romance” (370)

Mammuth; or, Human Nature Displayed on a Grand Scale: In a Tour with the Tinkers, into the Inland Parts of Africa - [William] [Thomson] (1746-1817) (Ptd. for J. Murray, 1789)
Eutopia. Anti-technology--better to use nature than the best mechanical contrivances. Reason, learning, good repute, and nobility are the bases for government. Elective monarchy. Euthanasia is allowed for the old of good character after they have been judged worthy and paid “the usual fine.”
Rpt. in Gulliveriana: IV. Ed. Jeanne Welcher and George E. Bush, Jr. (Delmar, NY: Scholars’ Facsimiles and Reprints, 1973), 229-384. Another edition--London: Ptd. for G. and T. Wilkie, 1789.
Keywords: English author; Male author; Scottish author

Plan for a Free Community upon the Plan for a Free Community upon the Coast of Africa, Under the Protection of Great Britain; But Intirely Independent of all European Laws and Governments. With an Invitation, under certain Conditions, to all Persons desirous of partaking the Benefits thereof. Embellished with a large and elegant View of Sierra Leone, on the Coast of Guinea.of Africa, Under the Protection of Great Britain; But Intirely Independent of all European Laws and Governments. With an Invitation, under certain Conditions, to all Persons desirous of partaking the Benefits there - August [or Augustus] Nordenskjold (1754-92); Charles Bernard Wadstrom (1746-99); Colburn Barrell; Johan Gottfried Simpson (Ptd. by R. Hindmarsh, 1789)
Proposal for a Christian community with a constitution and organization of government. For more information the reader is referred to the works of Emanuel Swedenborg (1668-1772), which they plan to publish.
Later ed. as by Charles Bernard Wadstrom, Plan for a Free Community at Sierra Leona, Upon the Coast of Africa, Under the Protection of Great Britain; with An Invitation to all Persons desirous of partaking the Benefits thereof. Embellished with a large and elegant View of Sierra Leona, on the Coast of Guinea. London: Ptd. for T. and J. Egerton, 1792. Same signers. Some errata.
Keywords: German author; Male author; Swedish author; US author

“The Benefits of Charity: A Dream” - [Benjamin] [Rush] (1745-1813) (Columbian Magazine, 1787)
Dream in which the protagonist visits heaven and sees how Philadelphia has been protected from punishment for its evil ways by first, the existence of the Pennsylvania Hospital, second, by the existence of a Dispensary, third, by the existence of the Society for the Gradual Abolition of Slavery, and the Relief of Free Negroes, Unlawfully Held in Bondage, and fourth, by the existence of A Society for Alleviating the Miseries of Public Prisons. When it is threatened a fifth time, it will be saved only if it establishes “FREE SCHOOLS in which human learning shall be accompanied, and corrected [581] with religious instruction. . .” (580-81). See also his Constitution and Laws of the Philadelphia Society for the Establishment and Support of Charity Schools. Incorporated September 8, 1801. With a Historical Sketch of the Institution and the Life of Christopher Ludwick. Philadelphia: Ptd. by the Order of The Society, 1860.
Keywords: Male author; US author

"Letter XV. For the Lewes Journal. A Midsummer-Night's Dream; or, a Trip to the Moon" - Richard Michell (Fugitive Pieces, on Various Subjects, 1787)
The moon is described as having luxuriant parks, with lots of flowers and other natural and artificial beauties. The parks were filled with people “. . . variously engaged, but to appearances all equally happy.” Elegantly simple dress. Huge amphitheatre that can hold the entire population of the planet filled for the Autumn Festival to given thanks for the year’s productions. “The inhabitants of the Moon, Man, are perfect strangers to all those irregular, turbulent passions, in the gratification, instead of the government of which, you mortals are madly seeking happiness. . .” (89. Original emphasis). “. . . total absence of all the disorderly affections that torment the HUMAN breast” (89. Original emphasis). “The Lunarians are wiser, and better, and therefore happier beings than you are” (90. Original emphasis).
Keywords: English author; Male author

"The Paradise of Negro-Slaves.--a dream" - [Benjamin] [Rush] (1745-1813) (The Columbia Magazine: or Monthly Miscellany, 1787)
Those who had been slaves are in their own heaven, where, knowing they are saved, wait for the final judgement. Visited by the author in a dream, they are frightened by seeing a white man but learning that he supports abolition, they welcome him, and a few tell him their stories. Each tells of the horrors of slavery and how they were mistreated and killed, but they hope that those who mistreated them will repent and be saved rather than face damnation for their actions in life. The dream ends with the arrival and welcome of another white man, Anthony Benezet (1713-84), the founder of world's first anti-slavery societies, the Society for the Relief of Free Negroes Unlawfully Held in Bondage, which, after his death, was reconstituted by Benjamin Franklin and Rush as the Pennsylvania Society for the Abolition of Slavery; the first public school for girls in North America; and the Negro School at Philadelphia.
Rpt. in his Essays Literary, Moral and Philosophical. 2nd ed. with additions (Philadelphia, PA: Thomas and Samuel F. Bradford, 1806), 305-09; rpt. ed. Michael Meranze (Schenectady, NY: Union College Press, 1988), 187-90.
Keywords: Male author; US author

"The Temple of Hope. A Vision" - Mr. [B.] Walwyn (The General Magazine and Impartial Review (London), 1787)
Brief allegory. A beautiful Temple sits in a desolate waste but is surrounded by gardens in which the children of Arts, Sciences, Peace, Plenty, and Pleasure play. As a sign of welcome to people from all countries, the Temple includes all architectural styles. The walls are from a single crystal from the mountain of Promise and the foundations had come from the sandpit of Expectation and the quarry of Enterprise.
Rpt. in The New-York Weekly Magazine; or, Miscellaneous Repository 2.83 (February 1, 1797): 246.
Keywords: Male author

The Vision of Columbus: A Poem in Nine Books - Joel Barlow Esquire (1754-1812) (Ptd. by Hudson and Goodwin, 1787)
A poem with millennial themes. Although most of the poem is concerned with the history of the Americas to date, it includes several visions of a future of universal peace and prosperity based on the flourishing of the arts and the sway of reason and science. Book IX (237-58) concludes the poem with a vision of the entire Earth, speaking one language and with all nations working together to form a world council to bring the world into harmony. This served as the basis for his better known The Columbiad A Poem. Philadelphia, PA: Ptd. by Fry and Kammerer for C. and A. Conrad and Co. Philadelphia; Conrad, Lucas and Co. Baltimore, 1807.
2nd ed. Hartford, CT: Ptd. by Hudson and Goodwin, 1787. 5th ed. corrected as The Vision of Columbus: A Poem in Nine Books. To Which is Added, The Conspiracy of Kings: A Poem, By the Same Author (Paris: Ptd. at the English Press, 1793), 1-275.
Keywords: Male author; US author

"[Chronicle of the Year 1850]" (The Columbian Magazine or Monthly Miscellany (Philadelphia, PA), 1786)
Inspired by reading Louis Sebastien Mercier's L'an deux mille quatre cent quarante. Rêve s'il en fût jamais (1775), a man in a dream reads a newspaper from the future. Anti-slavery. Blacks (this word is used) had returned to Africa. A man is found guilty of not sending his son to school at the correct age.

"Observations on the Present Situation and Future Prospects of this the United States. No. IX. The History of White Negroes" - Lycurgus [pseud.] (The New-Haven Gazette, and the Connecticut Magazine, 1786)
Satire on contemporary American politics, particularly the national debt, presented as an analysis of how, after slavery ends, the rich avoid being taxed to pay off the national debt and the white working class are so burdened with debt, which grows rather than shrinks, that they are enslaved to the new masters.

A Plan for the Establishment of Public Schools and the Diffusion of Knowledge in Pennsylvania to which are added thoughts upon the mode of education, proper in a republic. Addressed to the Legislature and Citizens of the State - [Benjamin] [Rush] (1745-1813) (A Plan for the Establishment of Public Schools and the Diffusion of Knowledge in Pennsylvania to which are added thoughts upon the mode of education, proper in a republic. Addressed to the Legislature and Citizens of the State, 1786)
A detailed proposal for a eutopian public school system, saying that it supports religion, liberty, “just ideas of law and government,” manners, agriculture, and manufacturing (1). It then proposes one university in each state, located in its capital. For Pennsylvania he proposes four colleges in Philadelphia, Carlisle, Lancaster, “for the benefit of our German fellow citizens,” and one, in the future, in Pittsburg (2). Also, there should be a free school in every township where children learn to “read and write the English and German languages, and the use of figures” (2). Rush wrote numerous essays on aspects of education, including “Thoughts upon the Mode of Education proper in a Republic.” In his A Plan for the Establishment of Public Schools and the Diffusion of Knowledge in Pennsylvania to which are added thoughts upon the mode of education, proper in a republic. Addressed to the Legislature and Citizens of the State. Philadelphia, PA: Ptd. for Thomas Dobson, 1786), 13-36; “Thoughts upon Female Education, Accommodated to the Present State of Society, Manners, and Government, in the United States of America. Addressed to the Visitors of the Young Ladies Academy in Philadelphia, 28th July, 1787, at the Close of the Quarterly Examination, and Afterwards Published at the Request of the Visitors” his Essays Literary, Moral and Philosophical. (Philadelphia, PA: Thomas and Samuel F. Bradford, 1798), 75-92. 2nd ed. with additions (Philadelphia, PA: Thomas and Samuel F. Bradford, 1806), 75-92. Rpt. ed. Michael Meranze (Schenectady, NY: Union College Press, 1988), 44-54; “An Enquiry into the Utility of a Knowledge of the Latin and Greek Languages, as a branch of liberal education, with hints of a plan of liberal instruction, without them, accommodated to the present state of society, manners, and government in the United States.” By a Citizen of Philadelphia [pseud.]. American Museum, or Universal Magazine 5 (June 1789): 525-35; “Plan for a Federal University.” By Citizen of Pennsylvania [pseud.]. Federal Gazette and Philadelphia Evening Post, no. 25 (October 29, 1788): 2-3; and “Letter to Richard Price May 15, 1786.” Letters of Benjamin Rush. Volume I: 1761-1792. Ed. L. H. Butterfield ([Philadelphia, PA]: The American Philosophical Society by Princeton University Press, 1951), 388-90.
Rpt. in the Pennsylvania Gazette (Philadelphia, PA), no. 2919 (May 10, 1786): 1-2; and as “A Plan for Establishing Public Schools in Pennsylvania, and for conducting education agreeably to a Republican form of Government. Addressed to the Legislature and citizens of Pennsylvania, in the Year 1786.” In his Essays Literary, Moral and Philosophical (Philadelphia, PA: Thomas and Samuel F. Bradford, 1798), 1-6; 2nd ed. with additions (Philadelphia, PA: Thomas and Samuel F. Bradford, 1806), 1-6; rpt. ed. Michael Meranze (Schenectady, NY: Union College Press, 1988), 1-4. Also rpt. as “Education Agreeable to a Republican Form of Government.” In The Selected Writings of Benjamin Rush. Ed. Dagobert D. Runes (New York: Philosophical Library, 1947), 97-100.
Keywords: Male author; US author

An Account of Count D'Artois and his Friend's Passage to the Moon, in a Flying Machine, called, an Air Balloon; Which was constructed in France, and from which place they ascended. Giving an Account of the Things, or Objects, they had a View of in the Passage; and likewise the Circumstances of their landing in that Planet, and conversing with the Inhabitants;--their Language, Manners, Religion, & c.--With many other Things very entertaining, and well worth the Attention of those who need it - [Daniel] [Moore] (1764-1882) (Ptd. by Collier and Copp, 1785)
Limited utopian elements. The moon is harmonious, peaceful, and so forth and is compared to the Elysian Fields and the Garden of Eden. The Moon people speak Hebrew and are Christian.
Keywords: Male author

The Golden Age: or; Future Glory of North-America Discovered by An Angel to Celadon. In Several Entertaining Visions. Vision I - Celadon [pseud.] (Np, 1785)
Depicts a future America. The angel is one of those who were appointed to oversee the colonies and inspire “your statesmen and heroes with courage” (6). While America cannot be protected “from the usual vicissitudes of fortune. . . . The States will doubtless watch over one another with the strictest vigilance” and thus protect the country from “gross innovation” (7). It will benefit from the “continual emigration” of the “poor, the oppressed, and the persecuted” and will prosper as long as the people do not give in to “pride and luxury” (9). New states will be added, including Savagenia, for Indians and Nigrania for Negroes after the end of slavery. And given the size of the country, there may well be states for Jews and for those arriving from other countries, with only European ones mentioned.
Keywords: US author

"Reverie, Occasioned by Reading the Vision of Mirza" - [Judith Sargent] [Murray] (1751-1820) (The Boston Magazine, 1785)
From birth to death and after humans are accompanied by an unseen guide from heaven who ultimately, after death, help all of them to reach heaven, which is briefly described. It has no night, many flowers always in bloom, exceptional music, and true joy.
Keywords: Female author; US author

The Thirty-nine Articles; or, a Plan of Reform in the Legislative Delegation of Utopia - [Daniel Tnangam] [Alexander] (Ptd. for J. Johnson, 1785)
Eutopia in the form of proposed legislation. Separation of powers. Male suffrage and all men can serve in the legislature, except, in both cases, the nobility, convicts, and the insane. Annual elections. Equal apportionment of districts based on population. Paid legislature. Simple majority in elections. Run-offs if no candidate receives a majority; the lot used in the case of a tie.
Keywords: Male author

"An Island in the Moon" - William Blake (1757-1827) (Blake. Complete Writings With Variant Readings., 1784)
A satire on contemporary events, manners, and people using an imaginary society on the moon.
The Complete Poetry and Prose of William Blake. Newly rev. ed. Ed. David V. Erdman, (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2008), 449-65, with Textual Notes (849-50. Also pub. as An Island in the Moon. A Facsimile of the Manuscript Introduced, Transcribed, and Annotated by Michael Phillips with a Preface by Haven O’More. Cambridge, Eng.: Cambridge University Press in association with Institute of Traditional Science, 1987. A different version Ed. and Decorated by Gavin O’Keefe. [U.S.] The Purple Mouth Press, 1998. A 1787 ms. was published as An Island in the Moon. Illus. Nicholas Parry. Market Drayton, Eng.: Tern Press, 2007.
Keywords: English author; Male author

A Journey lately performed through the Air, in an Aerostatic Globe, commonly called an Air Balloon, from this terraqueous Globe to the Newly Discovered Planet, Georgium Sidus, by Monsieur Vivenair - Monsieur Vivenair [pseud.] (Np, 1784)
Satire on the England of George III (1738-1820) set on the planet Georgium Sidus (George's Star) or Uranus.
Rpt. in The Man in the Moone and Other Lunar Fantasies. Ed. Faith K. Pizor and T. Allan Comp (New York: Praeger, 1971), 146-61; and in Modern British Utopias 1700-1850. Ed. Gregory Claeys. 8 vols. (London: Pickering & Chatto, 1997), 4: 217-32.

"A Manuscript" - Lady Mary Hamilton (1739-1816) (James Marshall and Marie-Louise Osborn Collection, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, 1784)
Satire in which the protagonist travels by balloon to a planet inhabited by giants. There she meets the planet’s Royal Academy and its Chief Minister, who is modelled on William Pitt, the Younger (1759-1806), Prime Minister (1783-1801, 1804-06). Most of the text is a commentary on the politics of the planet as a way of commenting on contemporary British politics.
Keywords: Female author; Scottish author

The Modern Atalantis; or, The Devil in an Air Balloon. Containing the Characters and Secret Memoirs of the most Conspicuous Persons of High Quality, of Both Sexes, in the Island of Libertusia, In the Western Ocean. Translated from the Libertusuian Language (Ptd. for G. Kearsley, 1784)
Satire on English manners, customs, politics, etc.
Rpt. in Modern British Utopias 1700-1850. Ed. Gregory Claeys. 8 vols. (London: Pickering & Chatto, 1997), 4: 233-75.

Oppression Unmasked: Being a Narrative of the Proceedings in a Case Between a Great Corporation, and a Little Fishmonger, Relative to some Customs for Fish, demanded by the former as Legal, but refused by the latter, as Exactions and Extortions - An Advocate for Justice [pseud.] (Np, 1784)
Set in Utopia, where justice prevails, but directed to the Irish, where it does not.
Keywords: Irish author

The Admirable Travels of Messieurs Thomas Jenkins and David Lowellin Through Unknown Tracts of Africa: With the Manner how Lowellin lived five Years on an uninhabited Spot; and, having sustained many dangerous Attacks from the wild Beasts and Savages, returned safe to London, in September, 1781, after having been eleven Years in those extensive Regions (Ptd. from the original Manuscript, in 1783, by the Author's Consent, for the benefit of Robert Barker, an unfortunate blind Man, 1783)
Includes both a brief Robinsonade and a brief eutopia. The eutopia has no capital punishment and is generally egalitarian. Beautiful city. Some material on courtship rituals.
Rpt. 1785 and 1792.

The Man in the Moon; or, Travels into the Lunar Regions - [William] [Thomson] (1746-1817) (Ptd. for J. Murray, 1783)
The Man of the People is Charles James Fox (1749-1806). Mostly famous people living on the moon after death. Some minor eutopian parts, including a convent of women.
Rpt. in Modern British Utopias 1700-1850. Ed. Gregory Claeys. 8 vols. (London: Pickering & Chatto, 1997), 4: 121-215.
Keywords: English author; Male author; Scottish author

The United States Elevated to Glory and Honor. A Sermon Preached Before His Excellency Jonathan Trumbull, Esq. L.L.D. Governor and Commander in Chief, and the Honorable The General Assembly of the State of Connecticut, Convened at Hartford, At the Anniversary Election, May 8th, 1783 - Ezra Stiles D.D. (1727-95) (Thomas & Samuel Green, 1783)
The United States presented as an achieved eutopia, which will be a model to and leader of the rest of the world due to its governmental system and true religion. The country will have a population of forty to fifty million before the fulfillment of Biblical prophecies. See also his A Discourse on the Christian Union: The Substance of Which Was Delivered Before the Reverend Convention of the Congregational Clergy in the Colony of Rhode Island; Assembled at Bristol. April 23, 1760. Boston, N.E.: Printed and sold by Edes and Gill, 1761. Rpt. Brookfield, MA: np, 1799. 164 pp. that projects New England into the next century.
Rpt. ed. Reiner Smolinski. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1041&context=etas. A different version was published in The Kingdom, the Power, & the Glory: The Millennial Impulse in Early American Literature. Ed. Reiner Smolinski (Dubuque, Iowa: Kendall-Hunt, 1998), 441–492.
Keywords: Male author; US author